Table 1.
Environmental variables selected for modeling.
| Variables | Description | Period & Time Interval | Resolution | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bio1 | Annual mean temperature |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio2 | Mean diurnal temperature range |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio3 |
Isothermality (Bio2/Bio7)(×100) |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio4 |
Temperature seasonality (standard deviation × 100) |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio5 | Maximum temperature of warmest month |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio6 | Minimum temperature of coldest month |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio7 | Temperature annual range |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio8 | Mean temperature of wettest quarter |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio9 | Mean temperature of driest quarter |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio10 | Mean temperature of warmest quarter |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio11 | Mean temperature of coldest quarter |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio12 | Annual precipitation |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio13 | Precipitation of wettest month |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio14 | Precipitation of driest month |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio15 |
Precipitation seasonality (Coefficient of Variation) |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio16 | Precipitation of wettest quarter |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio17 | Precipitation of driest quarter |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio18 | Precipitation of warmest quarter |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Bio19 | Precipitation of coldest quarter |
Historical, 30 years mean (1970–2000); Future, 20 years mean (2021–2100) |
1/12° | WorldClim |
| Elevation |
Altitude above sea level (Topographic Position) |
Constant | 1/12° | WorldClim |
| Slope |
Rate of elevation change across space (Terrain Steepness) |
Constant | 1/12° | Calculated |
| NDVI | Normalized Difference Vegetation Index | Historical, 18 years mean (1982–2000) | 1/12° | PKU |