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. 2025 Aug 22;15:30914. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-14763-w

Table 8.

Results of machine learning classifiers using CQT features with CTGAN.

Model Class Precision Recall F1 Score Model Class Precision Recall F1 Score
DT 0 0.86 0.89 0.88 LR 0 0.99 0.99 0.99
1 0.99 0.98 0.99 1 1.00 1.00 1.00
2 0.90 0.89 0.89 2 1.00 1.00 1.00
Micro avg. 0.92 0.92 0.92 Micro avg. 1.00 1.00 1.00
Weighted avg. 0.92 0.92 0.92 Weighted avg. 1.00 1.00 1.00
Accuracy 0.92 Accuracy 1.00
SVC 0 0.99 0.99 0.99 NB 0 1.00 1.00 1.00
1 1.00 1.00 1.00 1 1.00 1.00 1.00
2 0.99 1.00 0.99 2 1.00 1.00 1.00
Micro avg. 1.00 0.99 0.99 Micro avg. 1.00 1.00 1.00
Weighted avg. 1.00 0.99 0.99 Weighted avg. 1.00 1.00 1.00
Accuracy 1.00 Accuracy 1.00
KNN 0 0.53 0.99 0.69 RF 0 1.00 1.00 1.00
1 1.00 0.34 0.50 1 1.00 1.00 1.00
2 0.97 0.80 0.88 2 1.00 1.00 1.00
Micro avg. 0.83 0.71 0.69 Micro avg. 1.00 1.00 1.00
Weighted avg. 0.84 0.71 0.69 Weighted avg. 1.00 1.00 1.00
Accuracy 0.71 Accuracy 1.00
HardVoting 0 1.00 1.00 1.00 Soft Voting 0 1.00 1.00 1.00
1 1.00 1.00 1.00 1 1.00 1.00 1.00
2 1.00 1.00 1.00 2 1.00 1.00 1.00
Micro avg. 1.00 1.00 1.00 Micro avg. 1.00 1.00 1.00
Weighted avg. 1.00 1.00 1.00 Weighted avg. 1.00 1.00 1.00
Accuracy 1.00 Accuracy 1.00