Skip to main content
. 2025 Aug 22;15:30926. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-16937-y

Table 2.

Protective role of C. officinalis extract against molybdenum-induced biochemical toxicity.

Groups MDA (µM/g FW) SOD (U/mg FW) CAT (OD240 nm min/g FW) Chlorophyll a (mg/g FW) Chlorophyll b (mg/g FW)
Control 11.4 ± 1.08d 48.3 ± 1.42d 1.25 ± 0.18d 19.6 ± 0.70a 9.20 ± 0.68a
Cos 1 10.9 ± 0.97d 47.9 ± 1.15d 1.21 ± 0.13d 19.5 ± 0.84a 9.31 ± 0.59a
Cos 2 11.2 ± 0.79d 48.0 ± 1.06d 1.16 ± 0.12d 19.3 ± 0.83a 9.18 ± 0.61a
Mo 28.6 ± 0.95a 80.9 ± 1.32a 3.30 ± 0.43a 7.40 ± 0.39d 3.40 ± 0.45d
MoCos 1 23.4 ± 1.17b 71.5 ± 1.02b 2.45 ± 0.34b 9.79 ± 0.68c 4.52 ± 0.33c
MoCos 2 17.8 ± 0.99c 62.2 ± 0.55c 1.75 ± 0.25c 12.2 ± 0.75b 6.37 ± 0.34b

Means that are marked with different letters (a−d) in the same column are considered to be significant at p < 0.05.