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. 2025 Aug 22;15:30960. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-16363-0

Table 3.

Lapping conditions kept during experiments for all tests T1-T30.

Lapping disc
Outer tool diameter do = 380 mm
Inner tool diameter di = 90 mm
Material of the working elements PA2200
Lapping parameters
Rotational speed of a lapping plate nt = 120 min−1
Rotational speed of a leading ring nw = 60 min−1
Unit pressure p = 12 kPa
Duration of a single test tt = 4 min
Abrasive suspension
Abrasive paste SD 28/20
Grains in abrasive paste Diamond D28

Volumetric grain concentration

in abrasive paste

20%
Volume of abrasive paste 4 ml
Loose abrasive grains Diamond D107
Volume (mass) of loose grains 2.5 ml (4,4 g)
Lubricant Machining oil
Lubricant flow rate Qlub = 0.5 ml/min
Workpiece
Material Al2O3 ceramic
Vickers hardness HV10 1100 MPa
Diameter dw = 34 mm
Initial height hw0 = 30 mm