Table 2.
Comparisons between junior (residents and fellows) and experienced (senior) surgeons for their surgical experience and use of virtual reality simulators.
| Residents and fellows (group B) n = 1281 |
Senior Surgeons (group A) n = 411 |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||
| Females, n(%) | 68 (54%) | 17 (41%) | 0.18 |
| Number of cataract surgeries performed, mean +/- SD | 80 +/- 155 | 4598 +/- 5464 | < 0.001* |
| Simulator used, n (%) | |||
| EyeSi only | 55 (43%) | 19 (46.3%) | 0.592 |
| HelpMeSee only | 22 (17.2%) | 5 (12.2%) | |
| Several simulators | 47 (36.7%) | 14 (34.1%) | |
| EyeSi and HelpMeSee | 43 | 12 | |
| EyeSi and Other | 4 | 2 | |
| Other only | 4 (3.1%) | 3 (7.3%) | |
| Total time spent on simulator (hours), mean +/- SD | 28.2 +/- 32.1 | 151.3 +/- 656.6 | 0.04* |
| Highest module reached on EyeSi, n (% from EyeSi users) | |||
| CAT-A | 74 (73%) | 20 (61%) | |
| CAT-B | 59 (58%) | 14 (42%) | |
| CAT-C | 51 (50%) | 13 (39%) | |
| CAT-D | 38 (37%) | 16 (48%) | 0.05* |
| VRT-A | 11 (11%) | 7 (21%) | |
| VRT-B | 5 (4.9%) | 7 (21%) | |
| VRT-C | 4 (3.9%) | 6 (18%) | 0.05* |
| Module passed on HelpMeSee, n (% from HelpMeSee users) | |||
| MSICS module | 50 (77%) | 13 (76%) | 0.4 |
| PHACO module | 10 (15%) | 7 (41%) | 0.09 |
| Complications module | 10 (15%) | 5 (29%) | 0.4 |
| Suturing module | 10 (15%) | 6 (35%) | 0.2 |
| MOST module | 4 (6.2%) | 4 (24%) | 0.08 |
| Mean simulation time (hours) in participants who have reached/passed: | |||
| CAT-D EyeSi | 45 +/- 43.1 (n = 35) | 59.7 +/- 67.7 (n = 14) | 0.36 |
| VRT-C EyeSi | 47.5 +/- 37.7 (n = 4) | 67 +/- 91.9 (n = 6) | 0.7 |
| MSICS module HelpMeSee | 42.3 +/- 40.2 (n = 44) | 496 +/- 1314 (n = 9) | 0.02* |
| PHACO module HelpMeSee | 18.4 +/- 15.5 (n = 7) | 52.8 +/- 54.9 (n = 5) | 0.14 |
| Complication module HelpMeSee | 38.6 +/- 15.3 (n = 5) | 48 +/- 48.5 (n = 3) | 0.69 |
| Suturing module HelpMeSee | 34.8 +/- 23.9 (n = 5) | 53.5 +/- 41.1 (n = 4) | 0.42 |
| Estimated impact of simulation training on OR performances (from 0 to 10), mean +/- SD | 5.8 +/- 3.3 | 4.5 +/- 3.8 | 0.032* |
| Favorable to surgical license, n (%) | 68 (53.1%) | 25 (61%) | 0.38 |
| Preferred simulator, n (%) | |||
| EyeSi | 22 (35%) | 5 (25%) | 0.473 |
| HelpMeSee | 27 (42.9%) | 12 (60%) | |
| Several | 1 (1.6%) | 0 | |
| Other | 1 (1.6%) | 0 | |
| No preference | 12 (19%) | 3 (15%) | |
CAT, cataract surgery; Phaco, phacoemulsification; MOST, Mechanics of Ophthalmic Surgery – Tissues, Tools, Thoughts; MSICS, Manual Small Incision Cataract Surgery; OR, operating room; SD, standard deviation; VRT, vitreoretinal surgery.
*Statistically significant Pour les moyennes : Independent samples Student t tests.
1One from the 170 respondents did not indicate his position.
2“Other only” was excluded as number of responses < 5, which is under the recommended marginal count for the validity of the independent Chi2 test.
3“Other only” and “Several” were excluded as number of responses < 5, which is under the recommended marginal count for the validity of the independent Chi2 test.