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. 2025 Aug 20;6(8):102729. doi: 10.1016/j.xcrp.2025.102729

Figure 3.

Figure 3

Evaluating flow properties

(A) Violin plot displays the distribution of Knudsen number for hydrogen (green) and water vapor (blue) for each time point. The width of the violin indicates data density; central line shows mean, and the extrema lines represent minimum and maximum values.

(B) Slip and no-slip effects from the perspective of gas collisions.

(C) Variation in permeability of hydrogen and water vapor with iron oxide particles that constitute the pellets.

(D) Permeability evaluation to capture the effect of pore connectivity. At pc, mean permeability is shown with corresponding maximum and minimum values, while simulated permeability values are shown as mean ± SD.