Table 2. Complications encountered during the performance of various tasks by the vitreoretinal (VR) trainees.

PPV: pars plana vitrectomy, PVD: posterior vitreous detachment, ERM: epiretinal membrane

Surgical task	Morning	Evening
Navigation/anti-tremor	None	Working outside microscope (n=1, 12.5%)
PVD/PPV	Retinal break (n=3, 37.5%), stress injury to peripheral retina (n=1, 12.5%)	Retinal break (n=4, 50%), stress injury to peripheral retina (n=1, 12.5%), lens touch (n=1, 12.5%)
Bimanual training	Reduced stability (n=1, 12.5%)	Retinal tears (n=2, 25%), reduced stability (n=1, 12.5%)
Bimanual scissors	Injury to retina (n=1, 12.5%)	None
ERM peeling	Retinal break (n=2, 25%), bleed (n=1, 12.5%), removing open forceps (n=1, 12.5%)	Retinal break (n=3, 37.5%), retinal injury (n=1,12.5%), bleed (n=1, 12.5%)
Total events of complications	10	15
Frequency of retinal breaks	5	9