Table 1.

Kurtosis and skewness coefficients of measurement tools

Variables	Mean	Sd	Skewness	Kurtosis
Self-Efficacy	62,2481	10,59164	-,168	-,610
Initiative	32,9073	7,04643	-,514	,035
Effort	18,5387	3,46661	-,174	-,554
Persistence	10,8021	2,02911	-,038	-,231
PIU	41,8208	15,84383	,624	-,616
Lack of Control	6,9738	3,31920	1,122	,657
Escapism	9,6022	4,61237	,487	-,839
Disengagement	12,4321	5,66105	,684	-,467
Obsession	7,9981	3,20310	,630	-,319
Health and Interpersonal Trouble	4,8147	2,43845	1,330	,862
General Phubbing	40,5506	15,04319	,619	-,130
Nomophobia	15,7933	6,07105	,077	-,778
Interpersonal Conflict	8,1592	4,74597	1,334	1,399
Self-Isolation	8,0763	4,62280	1,248	,959
Problem Acknowledgment	8,5217	4,10804	,577	-,202