Table 2.

Correlation between acute bacterial paranasal sinusitis and personal behavior/lifestyle

	Group 1 N = 76	Group 2 N = 109	Control group N = 82	P value
Children blow the noses when having nasal symptoms
Never or seldom	14 (18.4%)	18 (16.5%)	4 (4.9%)	0.02*
Often or very frequently	62 (81.6%)	91 (83.5%)	78 (95.1%)
Children irrigate the noses when having nasal symptoms
Never or seldom	69 (90.8%)	102 (93.6%)	81 (98.8%)	0.06
Often or very frequently	7 (9.2%)	7 (6.4%)	1 (1.2%)
Type of day care
Home care	2 (2.6%)	4 (3.7%)	2 (2.4%)	0.32
Kindergarten	41 (54.0%)	43 (39.5%)	33 (40.2%)
School	33 (43.4%)	62 (56.9%)	47 (57.3%)
Number of household members < 19 years (median, IQR)	2 (1–2)	2 (2)	2 (2)	0.21
Number of household members ≥ 19 years (median, IQR)	2 (2–4)	2 (2–3)	2 (2–3)	0.94
Residential incense burning
Every day	27 (35.5%)	18 (16.5%)	21 (25.9%)	0.01*
Never or not every day	49 (64.5%)	91 (83.5%)	60 (74.1%)
Residential smoke exposure
Yes	15 (19.7%)	23 (21.1%)	22 (26.8%)	0.51
No	61 (80.3%)	86 (78.9%)	60 (73.2%)
Pet at home
No	63 (82.9%)	90 (82.6%)	74 (90.2%)	0.59
Dog	5 (6.6%)	11 (10.1%)	3 (3.7%)
Cat	6 (7.9%)	5 (4.6%)	4 (4.9%)
Other animal	2 (2.6%)	3 (2.8%)	1 (1.2%)
Antibiotic use within three months
Yes	33 (43.4%)	13 (11.9%)	4 (4.9%)	< 0.001*
No or unsure	43 (56.6%)	96 (88.1%)	78 (95.1%)
13-valent PCV
≥ 3 doses	68 (89.5%)	97 (89.0%)	71 (86.6%)	0.82
< 3 doses or unsure	8 (10.5%)	12 (11.0%)	11 (13.4%)
Influenza vaccination
Every year	44 (57.9%)	73 (67.0%)	45 (54.9%)	0.20
Irregular or never	32 (42.1%)	36 (33.0%)	37 (45.1%)

Group 1: acute bacterial paranasal sinusitis; group 2: allergic rhinitis without acute bacterial paranasal sinusitis; control group: no allergic rhinitis and acute bacterial paranasal sinusitis

^*p < 0.05