Table 2.
Factors associated with IS, univariate analysis
| IS | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | p value | |
| Gender | |||
| Male | Ref. | ||
| Female | 1.90 | 1.33- 2.72 | 0.001 |
| Regular Participation in Sports, Social, or Artistic Activities (At Least 1 Hour per Week) | |||
| Yes | Ref. | ||
| No | 1.74 | 1.22 - 2.48 | 0.002 |
| Daily Time Spent on Social Media (Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, TikTok | |||
| Less than 1 hour | Ref. | ||
| 1 to 3 hours | 1.40 | 0.79- 2.50 | 0.24 |
| More than 3 hours | 2.10 | 1.17 – 3.78 | 0.01 |
| Preclinical/Clinical | |||
| Preclinical | Ref. | 0.66- 1.32 | |
| Clinical | 0.93 | 0.70 | |
| Mother’s education level | |||
| Literate/illiterate | Ref. | ||
| Primary/Middle school | 0.63 | 0.27 – 1.48 | 0.29 |
| High School | 0.49 | 0.20 - 1.15 | 0.10 |
| University | 0.79 | 0.35 - 1.74 | 0.55 |
| Father’s education level | |||
| Literate/illiterate | Ref. | ||
| Primary/Middle school | 0.41 | 0.08 – 1.99 | 0.27 |
| High School | 0.54 | 0.11 – 2.59 | 0.44 |
| University | 0.47 | 0.10 – 2.16 | 0.33 |
| Receiving a Scholarship | |||
| Yes | Ref. | ||
| No | 1.04 | 0.74 – 1.47 | 0.79 |
| MAAS score | 0.35 | 0.26 – 0.46 | <0.001 |