Table 3.
Baseline characteristics of the included studies’ populations
| Study ID | Interventions | Age in years (SD) | Male N (%) | Weight in kg (SD) | BMI in kg/m2 (SD) | Time since diagnosis (year) | Age at PD onset in years (SD) | LED | MDS-UPDRS part III on state | MDS-UPDRS part III off state | MDS-UPDRS part II | MDS-UPDRS part IV |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Athauda 2017 [36] | Exenatide | 61.6 (8.2) | 22 (71%) | 81.8 (16.6) | – | 6·4 (3.3) | 55.9 (7.9) | 773.9 (260.9) | 19.4 (8.4) | 32.8 (9.7) | 12.5 (6.7) | 4.7 (3.1) |
| Placebo | 57.8 (8.0) | 22 (76%) | 80.8 (12.9) | – | 6·4 (3.3) | 52.2 (7.7) | 825.7 (215) | 14.4 (8.2) | 27.1 (10.3) | 10.7 (5.3) | 5.3 (3.0) | |
| Aviles-Olmos 2013 [37] | Exenatide | 61.4 (6.0) | 15 (75%) | – | – | 9.6 (3.4) | 51.6 (7.8) | 973 (454) | 23.5 (6.3) | 31.0 (11.2) | 10.2 (5.2) | 6.3 (2.4) |
| Usual care | 59.4 (8.4) | 20 (83%) | – | – | 11.0 (5.9) | 48.4 (7.4) | 977 (493) | 25.3 (10.7) | 34.0 (16.1) | 12.9 (6.2) | 6.3 (3.4) | |
| Malatt 2022 [16] | Liraglutide | 63.5 (9.8) | 25 (67.6%) | – | 28 (5.2) | 4.7 (3.1) | 58.9 (10.5) | 564 (327) | 14.8 (7.1) | 26.1 (9.6) | 8.8 (5.4) | 3.8 (3.3) |
| Placebo | 64.2 (6.4) | 13 (72.2%) | – | 27.9 (4.6) | 4.8 (3.3) | 59.3 (7.5) | 640 (360) | 16.3 (9.2) | 28.8 (10.7) | 7.6 (5.0) | 3.6 (3.2) | |
| McGarry 2024 [30] | NLY01 2.5 mg | 62.1 (9.0) | 60 (71%) | 80.8 (16.6) | 26.42 (4.14) | 1.02 (1.04) | – | – | – | 22.7 (8.1) | 4.8 (3.6) | – |
| NLY01 5 mg | 60.6 (10.0) | 54 (64%) | 79.1 (17.4) | 25.81 (4.58) | 0.96 (0.94) | – | – | – | 22.0 (8.2) | 5.0· (4.1) | – | |
| Placebo | 61.8 (8.1) | 52 (62%) | 77.8 (16.2) | 26.03 (4.66) | 0.9 (0.996) | – | – | – | 22·3 (9.1) | 4.9 (3.6) | – | |
| Meissner 2024 [31] | Lixisenatide | 59.5 (8.1) | 44 (56) | 75 (15.8) | 25.6 (3.9) | 1.4 (0.8) | – | 317 (179) | – | 14.8 (7.3) | 5.0 (3.5) | 0.3 (1.3) |
| Placebo | 59.9 (8.4) | 48 (62) | 76.7 (15.7) | 25.8 (4.2) | 1.4 (0.7) | – | 355 (215) | – | 15.5 (7.8) | 5.4 (4.3) | 0.2 (0.8) |
All qualitative variables are represented as number (percentage), while quantitative variables are shown in Mean (Standard deviation)
LED levodopa equivalent dose, MDR-UPDRS Movement Disorder Society-Sponsored Revision of the Unified Parkinson’s Disease, SD Standard deviation