Table 1.
Description of demographic and clinical characteristics of patients
| Training set and validation cohort 1 (n = 121) | Validation cohort 2 (n = 130) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | Epithelial ovarian cancer (n = 46) | Borderline ovarian tumor (n = 16) | Benign ovarian tumor (n = 26) | Healthy control (n = 33) | Epithelial ovarian cancer (n = 51) | Borderline ovarian tumor (n = 22) | Benign ovarian tumor (n = 28) | Healthy control (n = 29) |
| Age (year) (mean (SD)) | 53.17 (10.23) | 38.69 (9.82) | 44.19 (13.52) | 53.79 (6.98) | 54.24 (12.65) | 38.00 (13.49) | 47.00 (16.41) | 53.00 (10.62) |
| Height (cm) (mean (SD)) | 157.55 (5.20) | 161.13 (5.58) | 157.50 (5.23) | 157.82 (5.03) | 158.05 (5.02) | 158.00 (6.06) | 158.86 (5.84) | 158.07 (4.94) |
| Weight (kg) (mean (SD)) | 55.65 (7.17) | 57.57 (7.80) | 57.93 (10.28) | 56.76 (7.31) | 58.55 (8.99) | 56.08 (7.60) | 61.70 (10.41) | 59.20 (8.96) |
| BMI (kg/m2) (mean (SD)) | 22.43 (2.69) | 22.16 (2.76) | 23.30 (3.73) | 22.79 (2.72) | 23.39 (2.97) | 22.49 (3.01) | 24.46 (4.04) | 23.69 (3.35) |
| CA125 (units/ml) (median [IQR]) | 722.80 [197.58, 1785.90] | 33.15 [20.30, 377.25] | 15.80 [12.10, 24.53] | NA | 803.25 [132.02, 1554.95] | 26.75 [14.90, 104.28] | 15.85 [12.88, 17.88] | NA |
| HE4 (pmol/l) (median [IQR]) | 257.70 [137.10, 430.10] | 45.05 [34.05, 49.65] | 36.60 [27.30, 42.10] | NA | 155.30 [68.90, 401.80] | 41.35 [31.12, 59.70] | 34.60 [27.90, 40.00] | NA |
| Family history (%) | ||||||||
| No | 31 (67.39) | 14 (87.50) | 24 (92.31) | 28 (84.85) | 36 (70.59) | 17 (77.27) | 23 (82.14) | 26 (89.66) |
| Yes | 15 (32.61) | 2 (12.50) | 2 (7.69) | 5 (15.15) | 15 (29.41) | 5 (22.73) | 5 (17.86) | 3 (10.34) |
| Parity (%) | ||||||||
| No | 6 (13.04) | 6 (37.50) | 5 (19.23) | 2 (6.06) | 7 (13.73) | 9 (40.91) | 4 (14.29) | 1 (3.45) |
| Yes | 40 (86.96) | 10 (62.50) | 21 (80.77) | 31 (93.94) | 44 (86.27) | 13 (59.09) | 24 (85.71) | 28 (96.55) |
| Menopause (%) | ||||||||
| No | 21 (45.65) | 12 (75.00) | 18 (69.23) | 12 (36.36) | 20 (39.22) | 19 (86.36) | 14 (50.00) | 16 (55.17) |
| Yes | 25 (54.35) | 4 (25.00) | 8 (30.77) | 21 (63.64) | 31 (60.78) | 3 (13.64) | 14 (50.00) | 13 (44.83) |
| Tumor size (cm) (%) | ||||||||
| ≤ 10 | 20 (43.48) | 9 (56.25) | 21 (80.77) | NA | 27 (52.94) | 12 (54.55) | 18 (64.29) | NA |
| > 10 | 26 (56.52) | 7 (43.75) | 5 (19.23) | NA | 24 (47.06) | 10 (45.45) | 10 (35.71) | NA |
| FIGO Stage for ovarian cancer (%) | ||||||||
| I-II | 11 (23.91) | NA | NA | NA | 16 (31.37) | NA | NA | NA |
| III-IV | 35 (76.09) | NA | NA | NA | 35 (68.63) | NA | NA | NA |
| Histological type (%) | ||||||||
| Serous | 32 (69.57) | 8 (50.00) | 10 (38.46) | NA | 34 (66.67) | 8 (36.36) | 13 (46.43) | NA |
| Mucinous | 3 (6.52) | 8 (50.00) | 12 (46.15) | NA | 5 (9.80) | 10 (45.45) | 14 (50.00) | NA |
| Endometriod | 7 (15.22) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | NA | 2 (3.92) | 3 (13.64) | 0 (0.00) | NA |
| Clear cell | 3 (6.52) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | NA | 7 (13.73) | 0 (0.00) | 0 (0.00) | NA |
| Other | 1 (2.17) | 0 (0.00) | 4 (15.38) | NA | 3 (5.88) | 1 (4.55) | 1 (3.57) | NA |
Age, age at diagnosis; Height, height at diagnosis; Weight, weight at diagnosis; BMI, BMI at diagnosis; CA125, CA125 blood test performed at diagnosis; HE4, HE4 test of blood collected at diagnosis; Family history, family history of malignant tumors; Parity, parity before diagnosis; Menopause, Menopause before diagnosis or not; Tumor size, tumor size described by ultrasound; FIGO Stage for ovarian cancer, FIGO Stage I-II, Tumor confined to ovaries or fallopian tube(s). Or tumor involves one or both ovaries or fallopian tubes with pelvic extension (below pelvic brim) or primary peritoneal cancer. FIGO Stage III-IV, tumor involves one or both ovaries, or fallopian tubes, or primary peritoneal cancer, with cytologically or histologically confirmed spread to the peritoneum outside the pelvis and/or metastasis to the retroperitoneal lymph nodes. Or distant metastasis excluding peritoneal metastases. Histological type, histological type based on the patient’s pathology report