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. 2025 Aug 5;15:102102. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2025.102102

Table 2.

Evaluation of parameters of logistic sigmoid model of copper toxicity in aquatic biota.

Toxicity Symbol Endpoint/stage/taxa Log C
SF (4) Radj(%) (5) CV (%)
Model & Data Fitness
∑ * Selected response
Log C50(1) ∆ Log C
(2)
Ø (3) k (6) a (7) log C.q
(8)
2(9) R2(10)
Lethal Lethal Toxicity P Parasite 2.765 1.634 0.84 0.4 50 12 7 2 37 0.956 - -
Lethal Toxicity – Life Stage (S) S−3 Adult 2.671 0.323 * 0.73 18.6 37 14 3 * 0 * 12 0.986 3 Fry (4*) >
Fingerling (3*) >
Adult (3*)
S−2 Fingerling 2.563 1.920 0.75 11.0 59 8 * 4 1 7 * 0.992 * 3
S−1 Fry 2.215 * 0.987 0.82 * 4.4 * 74 * 47 28 5 32 0.963 4
Lethal Toxicity – Taxonomic (T) T−3 Cichliformes 3.022 2.458 1.01 * 1.5 * 51 11 9 3 12 0.987 3 Cypriniformes (5*) >
Salmoniformes (3*)
Cichliformes (2*) >
T−2 Cypriniformes 2.481 2.038 0.82 9.3 56 4 * 2 * 1 * 10 * 0.988 * 5
T−1 Salmoniformes 2.013* 0.987* 0.78 3.2 80 * 18 10 2 55 0.942 2
Sub-lethal Growth Toxicity (G) G−3 AST (recovery) Gills 2.887 1.273 1.13 4.3 0.1 76 15 * 3 * 176 0.888 * 3 TBARS liver (6*) >
Gills AST (3*) >
Gills ALT (1*)
G−2 ALT (treatment) Gills 2.663 1.162 1.01 3.8 0.2 77 23 4 110 * 0.841 1
G−1 TBARS-Liver 1.393 * 0.443 * 1.02 * 1.7 * 7 * 49 * 16 4 159 0.885 6
Behavioral Toxicity (B) B−3 Acetylcholinesterase 1.539 1.500 0.63 6.1 1 40 7 7 117 0.919 0 Abnormal behavior (6*) > Velocity (4*) > Acetylcholinesterase (0*)
B−2 Abnormal Behavior 0.696 0.647 0.98 * 2.1 33 6 * 1 * 1 * 2 * 0.999 * 6
B−1 Velocity 0.585 * 0.445 * 1.17 1.7 * 41 * 70 60 22 89 0.939 4
Olfactory Toxicity (O) O−3 Cell Count in Myoseptum 1.591 3.287 0.54 74.9 23 30 * 8 * 8 60 0.941 2 Motor neuron (7*) >
Cell count in myoseptum (2*) > Mean hair cells (1*)
O−2 Mean Hair Cells 1.289 2.422 0.14 67.6 36 44 33 7 * 46 0.967 1
O−1 Motor Neuron 0.557 * 2.369 * 0.62 * 18.7 * 43 * 58 48 38 16 * 0.978 * 7

All symbols are explained in the equations in the text.

The CRR with the largest number of fulfilled criteria (*) was determined as the selected effect among the three CRRs in each group.

The criteria symbol (*) is given to the lowest value of each criterion, except for criteria five and 10 (to the highest value).