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. 2025 Aug 22;20:787. doi: 10.1186/s13018-025-06173-5

Table 3.

Comparisons of clinical outcomes between two groups a

TPPA Group (n = 62) CTPA Group (n = 62) P Value b
VAS score, mean ± SD
Preoperative 7.24 ± 1.35 7.01 ± 1.22 0.652
1d-Postoperative 3.29 ± 0.37 4.74 ± 0.52 0.001
3 m-Postoperative 1.05 ± 0.07 1.25 ± 0.08 0.372
6 m-Postoperative 0.65 ± 0.05 0.75 ± 0.07 0.625
12 m-Postoperative 0.25 ± 0.04 0.28 ± 0.06 0.743
P Value (within) c < 0.001 < 0.001
ODI score, mean ± SD
Preoperative 78.52 ± 8.82 79.76 ± 7.87 0.848
1d-Postoperative 56.24 ± 7.66 59.86 ± 7.54 0.042
3 m-Postoperative 30.05 ± 5.72 31.25 ± 5.62 0.767
6 m-Postoperative 20.65 ± 4.52 22.75 ± 4.72 0.853
12 m-Postoperative 18.25 ± 4.10 19.28 ± 4.21 0.891
P Value (within) c < 0.001 < 0.001

a Data are reported as n (%) or mean ± SD

b Independent t test. The P values shown are for intergroup comparisons. Significance was accepted for P<0.05

c Paired t test. The P values shown are for intragroup comparisons. Significance was accepted for P<0.05