Table 2.
Clinical and MRI data in training group and internal and external validation group
| ATraining | BInvad | CExvad | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PNI(-) | PNI(+) | p.overall | PNI(-) | PNI(+) | p.overall | PNI(-) | PNI(+) | p.overall | |
| N = 146 | N = 27 | N = 56 | N = 18 | N = 118 | N = 32 | ||||
| Agea | 76.3 ± 8.41 | 71.6 ± 7.27 | 0.004 | 75.4 ± 6.82 | 74.9 ± 7.40 | 0.786 | 74.5 ± 7.20 | 71.7 ± 6.93 | 0.049 |
| TPSAb | 15.4 [9.64;35.1] | 21.4 [12.5;40.4] | 0.453 | 14.5 [9.03;41.2] | 24.2 [14.3;98.8] | 0.095 | 11.3 [6.97;20.4] | 11.1 [8.38;18.6] | 0.963 |
| Morphologyc | 0.670 | 0.026 | 0.283 | ||||||
| Round | 3 (2.05%) | 0 (0.00%) | 1 (1.79%) | 0 (0.00%) | 15 (12.7%) | 1 (3.12%) | |||
| Quasi-circular | 33 (22.6%) | 4 (14.8%) | 23 (41.1%) | 2 (11.1%) | 36 (30.5%) | 9 (28.1%) | |||
| Irregular | 110 (75.3%) | 23 (85.2%) | 32 (57.1%) | 16 (88.9%) | 67 (56.8%) | 22 (68.8%) | |||
| Locationc | 0.447 | 0.078 | 0.002 | ||||||
| PZ | 49 (33.6%) | 11 (40.7%) | 31 (55.4%) | 7 (38.9%) | 46 (39.0%) | 20 (62.5%) | |||
| TZ/CZ | 38 (26.0%) | 4 (14.8%) | 10 (17.9%) | 1 (5.56%) | 57 (48.3%) | 5 (15.6%) | |||
| PZ + TZ + CZ | 59 (40.4%) | 12 (44.4%) | 15 (26.8%) | 10 (55.6%) | 15 (12.7%) | 7 (21.9%) | |||
| Positionc | 0.617 | 0.266 | 0.091 | ||||||
| Left | 42 (28.8%) | 10 (37.0%) | 12 (21.4%) | 4 (22.2%) | 58 (49.2%) | 9 (28.1%) | |||
| Right | 37 (25.3%) | 5 (18.5%) | 23 (41.1%) | 4 (22.2%) | 40 (33.9%) | 14 (43.8%) | |||
| Bilateral | 67 (45.9%) | 12 (44.4%) | 21 (37.5%) | 10 (55.6%) | 20 (16.9%) | 9 (28.1%) | |||
| Numberc | 0.489 | 0.600 | 0.249 | ||||||
| Unitary | 84 (57.5%) | 13 (48.1%) | 37 (66.1%) | 10 (55.6%) | 99 (83.9%) | 30 (93.8%) | |||
| Multiple | 62 (42.5%) | 14 (51.9%) | 19 (33.9%) | 8 (44.4%) | 19 (16.1%) | 2 (6.25%) | |||
| SVIc | 0.375 | 0.012 | 0.499 | ||||||
| No | 123 (84.2%) | 25 (92.6%) | 46 (82.1%) | 9 (50.0%) | 108 (91.5%) | 28 (87.5%) | |||
| Yes | 23 (15.8%) | 2 (7.41%) | 10 (17.9%) | 9 (50.0%) | 10 (8.47%) | 4 (12.5%) | |||
| CIc | 0.448 | 0.095 | 0.105 | ||||||
| No | 61 (41.8%) | 14 (51.9%) | 27 (48.2%) | 4 (22.2%) | 83 (70.3%) | 17 (53.1%) | |||
| Yes | 85 (58.2%) | 13 (48.1%) | 29 (51.8%) | 14 (77.8%) | 35 (29.7%) | 15 (46.9%) | |||
| RIc | 1.000 | 0.244 | 1.000 | ||||||
| NO | 122 (83.6%) | 23 (85.2%) | 50 (89.3%) | 14 (77.8%) | 112 (94.9%) | 31 (96.9%) | |||
| YES | 24 (16.4%) | 4 (14.8%) | 6 (10.7%) | 4 (22.2%) | 6 (5.08%) | 1 (3.12%) | |||
| ADCb | 589 [511;688] | 546 [474;626] | 0.103 | 640 [521;770] | 574 [496;663] | 0.139 | 680 [568;828] | 632 [540;748] | 0.197 |
| mrTc | 0.003 | 0.001 | 0.001 | ||||||
| T1 | 15 (10.3%) | 1 (3.70%) | 7 (12.5%) | 0 (0.00%) | 8 (6.78%) | 1 (3.12%) | |||
| T2 | 77 (52.7%) | 9 (33.3%) | 32 (57.1%) | 5 (27.8%) | 96 (81.4%) | 17 (53.1%) | |||
| T3 | 38 (26.0%) | 6 (22.2%) | 13 (23.2%) | 5 (27.8%) | 9 (7.63%) | 6 (18.8%) | |||
| T4 | 16 (11.0%) | 11 (40.7%) | 4 (7.14%) | 8 (44.4%) | 5 (4.24%) | 8 (25.0%) | |||
| PI_RADSc | < 0.001 | 0.032 | 0.001 | ||||||
| ≤3 | 31 (26.1%) | 1 (3.85%) | 11 (24.4%) | 0 (0.00%) | 77 (71.3%) | 11 (34.4%) | |||
| 4 | 41 (34.5%) | 3 (11.5%) | 12 (26.7%) | 4 (22.2%) | 11 (10.2%) | 8 (25.0%) | |||
| 5 | 47 (39.5%) | 22 (84.6%) | 22 (48.9%) | 14 (77.8%) | 20 (18.5%) | 13 (40.6%) | |||
| Radscore_Habitat1 | −3.74 [−5.38;−2.32] | 1.26 [−0.62;1.61] | < 0.001 | −3.01 [−4.34;−1.78] | 0.78 [−0.24;2.08] | < 0.001 | −3.50 [−4.93;−1.75] | 0.37 [−1.29;1.63] | < 0.001 |
| Radscore_Habitat2 | −4.86 [−6.46;−3.62] | −0.15 [−0.96;1.22] | < 0.001 | −2.78 [−4.40;−1.99] | 2.00 [0.68;3.06] | < 0.001 | −2.22 [−3.62;−0.95] | 0.73 [0.14;2.40] | < 0.001 |
| Radscore_Habitat3 | −3.07 [−4.24;−2.09] | 0.28 [−1.17;0.88] | < 0.001 | −2.63 [−4.42;−1.16] | 0.94 [−1.38;1.40] | < 0.001 | −3.23 [−4.47;−2.13] | −0.29 [−1.06;1.68] | < 0.001 |
| Radscore_Whole_Tumor | −3.38 [−4.56;−2.33] | −0.02 [−1.02;0.83] | < 0.001 | −3.17 [−4.03;−1.42] | 0.15 [−0.65;2.09] | < 0.001 | −2.48 [−4.01;−1.18] | 0.79 [−0.51;2.38] | < 0.001 |
PNI perineural invasion, Invad internal validation, Ex-vad external validation, PZ Peripheral Zone, TZ Transitional Zone, CZ Central Zone, SVI Seminal Vesicle Invasion, CI Capsule Invasion, RI Rectal Invasion, mrT MRI-detected of T staging, RD_Habitat Radscore_Habitat, RD_ Habitat WT Radscore_Habitat Whole Tumor
aTwo sample student t test
bMan-Whitney U test
cFisher’s exact test or Chi-square test. Continuous variables are presented as the median and interquartile range (IQR)