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. 2025 Aug 22;23:494. doi: 10.1186/s12916-025-04346-x

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of patients

Variables Total
(N = 9534)
NRE
(n = 2730)
RE
(n = 6804)
P value
Age: years 60.4 ± 11.1 61.6 ± 10.8 59.9 ± 11.1 < 0.001
Male: n (%) 6692 (70.2) 1888 (69.2) 4804 (70.6) 0.170
BMI: kg/m2 25.1 ± 3.8 24.9 ± 3.4 25.3 ± 3.9 < 0.001
Current smoker: n (%) 4100 (43.0) 1038 (38.0) 3062 (45.0) < 0.001
Urban: n (%) 5657 (59.3) 1447 (53.0) 4210 (61.9) < 0.001
Educational attainment < 0.001
 Primary school or below: n (%) 3212 (33.7) 1164 (42.6) 2048 (30.1)
 Junior high school: n (%) 2921 (30.6) 840 (30.8) 2081 (30.6)
 High school or vocational college: n (%) 2075 (21.8) 471 (17.3) 1604 (23.6)
 University graduation or higher: n (%) 1326 (13.9) 255 (9.3) 1071 (15.7)
Economic status < 0.001
 Low: n (%) 5372 (56.3) 1821 (66.7) 3551 (52.2)
 Medium: n (%) 2747 (28.8) 636 (23.3) 2111 (31.0)
 High: n (%) 1415 (14.8) 273 (10.0) 1142 (16.8)
Diagnosis < 0.001
 STEMI: n (%) 5052 (53.0) 1168 (42.8) 3884 (57.1)
 NSTEMI: n (%) 2776 (29.1) 719 (26.3) 2057 (30.2)
UA: n (%) 1706 (17.9) 843 (30.9) 863 (12.7)
Past medical history
 Hypertension: n (%) 4954 (52.0) 1372 (50.3) 3582 (52.6) 0.035
 Hyperlipidemia: n (%) 6273 (65.8) 1693 (62.0) 4580 (67.3) < 0.001
 Diabetes mellitus: n (%) 3084 (32.3) 843 (30.9) 2241 (32.9) 0.052
 Previous MI: n (%) 1068 (11.2) 383 (14.0) 685 (10.1) < 0.001
 Family history of CHD: n (%) 2587 (27.1) 544 (19.9) 2043 (30.0) < 0.001
 Previous PCI: n (%) 1268 (13.3) 608 (22.3) 660 (9.7) < 0.001
 Previous CABG: n (%) 26 (0.3) 16 (0.6) 10 (0.1) < 0.001
 Previous stroke: n (%) 1765 (18.5) 520 (19.0) 1245 (18.3) 0.394
 Previous HF: n (%) 221 (2.3) 82 (3.0) 139 (2.0) 0.005
 CKD: n (%) 1554 (16.3) 465 (17.0) 1089 (16.0) 0.219
Laboratory test
 cTnI: μg/L 19.9 (2.4–72.0) 8.5 (0.4–57.5) 24.6 (4.8–78.3) < 0.001
 CK-MB: μg/L 60.2 (4.8–192.0) 20.0 (1.5–139.4) 80.0 (9.3–208.2) < 0.001
 BNP: pg/mL 958.5 (293.2–2556.0) 963.0 (244.0–2556.0) 955.0 (310.0–2473.2) 0.920
 TC: mg/dL 176.5 ± 42.4 171.9 ± 42.2 178.4 ± 42.3 < 0.001
 TG: mg/dL 128.3 (88.5–168.2) 132.8 (89.4–168.2)

126.6

(87.6–168.2)

0.087
 LDL-C: mg/dL 110.5 ± 35.8 105.4 ± 35.3 112.6 ± 35.7 < 0.001
 HDL-C: mg/dL 45.8 ± 11.0 45.5 ± 11.2 45.9 ± 11.0 0.134
 Scr: μmol/L 81.0 (69.0–94.0) 81.0 (69.0–94.0) 81.0 (69.0–94.0) 0.958
 BUN: mmol/L 5.7 (4.6–7.0) 5.8 (4.7–7.1) 5.7 (4.6–6.9) 0.009
 Hs-CRP: mg/dL 5.2 (2.0–11.1) 4.8 (1.7–10.4) 5.3 (2.1–11.3) < 0.001
 HbA1C: % 6.4 ± 1.3 6.5 ± 1.3 6.4 ± 1.3 0.191
 LVEF: % 57.4 ± 7.5 57.4 ± 7.5 57.3 ± 7.5 0.662
Medications history
 Aspirin: n (%) 1968 (20.6) 568 (20.8) 1400 (20.6) 0.802
 P2Y12 receptor inhibitors: n (%) 614 (6.4) 187 (6.8) 427 (6.3) 0.302
 Statins: n (%) 936 (9.8) 281 (10.3) 655 (9.6) 0.323
 Beta blocker: n (%) 680 (7.1) 177 (6.5) 503 (7.4) 0.119
 ACEI/ARB: n (%) 511 (5.4) 138 (5.1) 373 (5.5) 0.403
Medications at discharge
 Aspirin: n (%) 9284 (97.4) 2554 (93.6) 6730 (98.9) < 0.001
 P2Y12 receptor inhibitors: n (%) 9323 (97.8) 2554 (93.6) 6769 (99.5) < 0.001
 Statins: n (%) 9231 (96.8) 2510 (91.9) 6721 (98.8) < 0.001
 Beta blocker: n (%) 5633 (59.1) 1387 (50.8) 4246 (62.4) < 0.001
 ACEI/ARB: n (%) 4325 (45.4) 983 (36.0) 3342 (49.1) < 0.001
Medications at follow-up
 Aspirin: n (%) 8990 (94.3) 2425 (88.8) 6565 (96.5) < 0.001
 P2Y12 receptor inhibitors: n (%) 8583 (90.0) 2058 (75.4) 6525 (95.9) < 0.001
 Statins: n (%) 8988 (94.3) 2355 (86.3) 6633 (97.5) < 0.001
 Beta blocker: n (%) 5439 (57.0) 1155 (42.3) 4284 (63.0) < 0.001
 ACEI/ARB: n (%) 4027 (42.2) 733 (26.8) 3294 (48.4) < 0.001

Data are presented as mean ± SD: median (interquartile range): or number (%)

Low economic status: defined as an average monthly income per person of less than 2,500 RMB. Medium economic status: defined as an average monthly income per person between 2,500 and 5,000 RMB. High economic status: defined as an average monthly income per person of 5,000 RMB or more

BMI body mass index, UA unstable angina, NSTEMI non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction, STEMI ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, MI myocardial infarction, CHD coronary heart disease, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention, CABG coronary artery bypass grafting, HF heart failure, CKD chronic kidney disease, cTNI cardiac troponin I, CK-MB creatine kinase-MB, BNP B-type natriuretic peptide, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, Scr serum creatinine, BUN blood urea nitrogen, Hs-CRP hypersensitive C-reactive protein, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, ACEI angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, RE reexamination, NRE non-reexamination