Skip to main content
. 2025;26(6):1959–1970. doi: 10.31557/APJCP.2025.26.6.1959

Table 2.

Distribution of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System Scores of the Intervention and Control Groups

Components Measurement Control Group Intervention Group ϢZ p
X ± SD (Min - Max) X ± SD (Min - Max)
Pain 1st measurement (1) 1.87 ± 2.60 (0 - 9) 0.73 ± 1.55 (0 - 5) -1.918 0.055
2nd measurement (2) 2.57 ± 2.67 (0 - 8) 1.57 ± 1.98 (0 - 7) -1.625 0.104
3rd measurement (3) 2.40 ± 2.44 (0 - 8) 1.60 ± 1.89 (0 - 5) -1.268 0.205
4th measurement (4) 1.93 ± 2.24 (0 - 6) 0.53 ± 1.11 (0 - 3) -2.734 0.006*
Test Statistics ΨX2=11.660, p=0.112 ΨX2=57.942, p=0.000*
1<2, 2>3
Tiredness 1st measurement (1) 4.20 ± 2.67 (0 - 10) 4.23 ± 1.96 (0 - 8) -0.06 0.952
2nd measurement (2) 5.33 ± 2.52 (0 - 10) 4.63 ± 2.17 (0 - 8) -0.896 0.37
3rd measurement (3) 4.87 ± 3.09 (0 - 10) 4.37 ± 2.03 (0 - 8) -1.031 0.302
4th measurement (4) 4.17 ± 3.06 (0 - 10) 3.70 ± 2.02 (0 - 8) -0.747 0.455
Test Statistics ΨX2=34.593, p=0.000* ΨX2=66.438, p=0.000*
1<2, 2>3 1>3, 2>3
Nausea 1st measurement (1) 2.23 ± 2.64 (0 - 8) 0.33 ± 1.37 (0 - 7) -3.778 0.000*
2nd measurement (2) 4.20 ± 2.82 (0 - 10) 3.27 ± 2.15 (0 - 10) -1.12 0.263
3rd measurement (3) 2.80 ± 2.55 (0 - 7) 1.57 ± 1.98 (0 - 6) -1.941 0.052
4th measurement (4) 1.73 ± 2.55 (0 - 8) 0.20 ± 0.66 (0 - 3) -2.849 0.004*
Test Statistics ΨX2=43.357, p=0.000* ΨX2=93.876, p=0.000*
1<2, 2>3 1<2, 2>3
Depression 1st measurement (1) 4.87 ± 3.37 (0 - 10) 4.60 ± 2.39 (0 - 10) -0.298 0.766
2nd measurement (2) 4.77 ± 3.10 (0 - 10) 4.63 ± 2.27 (0 - 8) -0.225 0.822
3rd measurement (3) 4.27 ± 2.49 (0 - 9) 4.37 ± 2.17 (0 - 8) -0.067 0.946
4th measurement (4) 3.87 ± 2.75 (0 - 10) 3.53 ± 1.80 (0 - 6) -0.531 0.595
Test Statistics ΨX2=16.231, p=0.023* ΨX2=73.299, p=0.000*
1>3, 2>3
Anxiety 1st measurement (1) 5.07 ± 3.29 (0 - 10) 5.00 ± 2.29 (0 - 10) -0.082 0.935
2nd measurement (2) 4.83 ± 3.04 (0 - 10) 5.00 ± 2.27 (0 - 9) -0.246 0.806
3rd measurement (3) 4.43 ± 2.64 (0 - 10) 4.83 ± 2.21 (0 - 8) -0.695 0.487
4th measurement (4) 4.27 ± 2.92 (0 - 10) 3.87 ± 1.93 (0 - 8) -0.689 0.491
Test Statistics ΨX2=12.036, p=0.099 ΨX2=84.776, p=0.000*
1>3, 2>3
Drowsiness 1st measurement (1) 4.23 ± 3.74 (0 - 10) 3.47 ± 2.29 (0 - 8) -0.507 0.612
2nd measurement (2) 4.57 ± 3.65 (0 - 10) 3.97 ± 2.27 (0 - 8) -0.581 0.561
3rd measurement (3) 4.17 ± 3.15 (0 - 9) 3.63 ± 2.34 (0 - 8) -0.746 0.456
4th measurement (4) 4.03 ± 2.99 (0 - 10) 3.17 ± 2.07 (0 - 8) -1.413 0.158
Test Statistics ΨX2=17.516, p=0.014* ΨX2=46.997, p=0.000*
2>3 2>3
Appetite 1st measurement (1) 3.80 ± 3.27 (0 - 10) 2.97 ± 2.36 (0 - 10) -0.8 0.424
2nd measurement (2) 5.07 ± 3.36 (0 - 10) 4.13 ± 2.47 (0 - 10) -1.187 0.235
3rd measurement (3) 4.43 ± 3.38 (0 - 10) 3.83 ± 2.35 (0 - 10) -0.723 0.469
4th measurement (4) 4.03 ± 3.35 (0 - 10) 2.73 ± 1.93 (0 - 7) -1.184 0.236
Test Statistics ΨX2=30.197, p=0.000* ΨX2=76.352, p=0.000*
1<2, 2>4 1<2, 2>3
Well-being 1st measurement (1) 4.90 ± 2.71 (0 - 10) 4.67 ± 2.31 (0 - 10) -0.525 0.6
2nd measurement (2) 5.47 ± 2.83 (0 - 10) 4.97 ± 2.33 (0 - 9) -0.693 0.488
3rd measurement (3) 5.20 ± 2.50 (0 - 10) 4.90 ± 2.07 (0 - 8) -0.598 0.55
4th measurement (4) 4.47 ± 2.56 (0 - 10) 4.00 ± 1.93 (0 - 8) -0.772 0.44
Test Statistics ΨX2=50.687, p=0.000* ΨX2=75.554, p=0.000*
2>4, 2>3 1<2, 1>4, 2>4, 2>3
Shortness of breath 1st measurement (1) 0.73 ± 2.15 (0 - 10) 0.20 ± 0.81 (0 - 4) -1.207 0.228
2nd measurement (2) 0.80 ± 2.16 (0 - 10) 0.37 ± 1.00 (0 - 4) -0.695 0.487
3rd measurement (3) 0.77 ± 2.14 (0 - 10) 0.40 ± 1.10 (0 - 4) -0.428 0.668
4th measurement (4) 0.67 ± 1.79 (0 - 7) 0.40 ± 1.10 (0 - 4) -0.15 0.881
Test Statistics ΨX2=10.996, p=0.139 ΨX2=14.261, p=0.047*
Changes in skin/nails 1st measurement (1) 2.47 ± 2.22 (0 - 8) 1.57 ± 1.87 (0 - 5) -1.56 0.119
2nd measurement (2) 2.77 ± 2.46 (0 - 9) 2.10 ± 2.09 (0 - 6) -1.01 0.313
3rd measurement (3) 2.67 ± 2.35 (0 - 9) 1.93 ± 1.76 (0 - 5) -1.104 0.269
4th measurement (4) 2.73 ± 2.56 (0 - 10) 1.60 ± 1.57 (0 - 4) -1.595 0.111
Test Statistics ΨX2=8.113, p=0.323 ΨX2=37.278, p=0.000*
1<2, 2>4
Sore in the mouth 1st measurement (1) 1.37 ± 1.59 (0 - 6) 0.37 ± 0.76 (0 - 2) -2.798 0.005*
2nd measurement (2) 1.77 ± 1.70 (0 - 5) 2.03 ± 1.16 (0 - 5) -0.917 0.359
3rd measurement (3) 2.43 ± 1.94 (0 - 7) 2.30 ± 0.95 (0 - 5) -0.15 0.881
4th measurement (4) 2.33 ± 2.23 (0 - 8) 0.97 ± 1.67 (0 - 8) -2.969 0.003*
Test Statistics ΨX2=25.808, p=0.001* ΨX2=109.157, p=0.000*
1<2, 3<4 a 1<2, 3>4, 2>4
Numbness in the Hands 1st measurement (1) 0.70 ± 1.73 (0 - 8) 0.47 ± 1.28 (0 - 5) -0.627 0.531
2nd measurement (2) 0.80 ± 1.69 (0 - 8) 0.63 ± 1.25 (0 - 4) -0.254 0.8
3rd measurement (3) 0.80 ± 2.12 (0 - 8) 0.47 ± 1.28 (0 - 5) -0.393 0.695
4th measurement (4) 0.73 ± 1.76 (0 - 8) 0.43 ± 1.22 (0 - 5) -0.695 0.487
Test Statistics ΨX2=4.003, p=0.779 ΨX2=18.595, p=0.010*

Ψ, Friedman Test; Ϣ, Mann Whitney U Test*p<0.05; a, Bonferroni Post-hoc Test