Table 1.
Characteristics of the Study Population (n=209)
| Variables | n (%) | CHE, n (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes (n=32) | No (n=177) | |||||
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 49 (23.4) | 7 (21.9) | 42 (23.7) | |||
| Female | 160 (76.6) | 25 (78.1) | 135 (76.3) | |||
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| Malay | 197 (94.3) | 25 (78.1) | 172 (97.2) | |||
| Non-Malay | 12 (5.7) | 7 (21.9) | 5 (2.8) | |||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 18-39 | 25 (12.0) | 4 (12.5) | 21 (11.9) | |||
| 40-59 | 103 (49.3) | 12 (37.5) | 91 (51.4) | |||
| ≥ 60 | 81 (38.8) | 16 (50.0) | 65 (36.7) | |||
| Marital status | ||||||
| Married | 155 (74.2) | 20 (62.5) | 135 (76.3) | |||
| Divorced | 29 (13.9) | 7 (21.9) | 22 (12.4) | |||
| Single | 25 (12.0) | 5 (15.6) | 20 (11.3) | |||
| Education level | ||||||
| Tertiary | 98 (46.9) | 3 (9.4) | 95 (53.7) | |||
| Secondary | 87 (41.6) | 20 (62.5) | 67 (37.9) | |||
| Primary and below | 24 (11.5) | 9 (28.1) | 15 (8.5) | |||
| Patient’s employment status | ||||||
| Employed | 64 (30.6) | 2 (6.3) | 62 (35.0) | |||
| Pensioner | 37 (17.7) | 1 (3.1) | 36 (20.3) | |||
| Self employed | 8(3.8) | 2 (6.3) | 6 (3.4) | |||
| Unemployed | 100 (47.8) | 27 (84.4) | 73 (41.2) | |||
| Financial aids | ||||||
| Yes | 62 (29.7) | 12 (37.5) | 50 (28.2) | |||
| No | 147 (70.3) | 20 (62.5) | 127 (71.8) | |||
| Medical insurance | ||||||
| Yes | 38 (18.2) | 5 (15.6) | 33 (18.6) | |||
| No | 171 (81.8) | 27 (84.4) | 144 (81.4) | |||
| Treatment for 1 year | ||||||
| Follow-up | 26 (12.4) | 1 (3.1) | 25 (14.1) | |||
| Radiotherapy | 19 (9.1) | 3 (9.4) | 16 (9.0) | |||
| Chemotherapy | 64 (30.6) | 10 (31.3) | 54 (30.5) | |||
| Targeted therapy | 22(10.5) | 3 (9.4) | 19 (10.7) | |||
| Mixed of treatment | 78 (37.3) | 15 (46.9) | 63 (35.6) | |||
| Types of cancer | ||||||
| Breast | 107(51.2) | 11 (34.4) | 96 (54.2) | |||
| Gastrointestinal tract | 36 (17.2) | 8 (25.0) | 28 (15.8) | |||
| Gynaecology | 16 (7.7) | 1 (3.1) | 15 (8.5) | |||
| Head and neck | 15 (7.2) | 4 (12.5) | 11 (6.2) | |||
| Others | 35 (16.7) | 8 (25.0) | 27 (15.3) | |||
| Household leader gender | ||||||
| Male | 170 (81.3) | 24 (75.0) | 146 (82.5) | |||
| Female | 39 (18.7) | 8 (25.0) | 31 (17.5) | |||
| Household leader employment status | ||||||
| Employed | 60 (28.7) | 3 (9.4) | 57 (32.2) | |||
| Self employed | 44 (21.1) | 5 (15.6) | 39 (22.0) | |||
| Pensioner | 49 (23.4) | 4 (12.5) | 45 (25.4) | |||
| Unemployed | 56 (26.8) | 20 (62.5) | 36 (20.3) | |||
| Presence of elderly household members | ||||||
| Yes | 91 (43.5) | 18 (56.3) | 73 (41.2) | |||
| No | 118 (56.5) | 14 (43.8) | 104 (58.8) | |||
| Household size | ||||||
| 1-2 (small) | 46 (22.0) | 12 (37.5) | 34 (19.2) | |||
| 3-5 (medium) | 107 (51.2) | 10 (31.3) | 97 (54.8) | |||
| ≥6 (large) | 56 (26.8) | 10 (31.3) | 46 (26.0) | |||
| Poverty income | ||||||
| Yes | 73 (34.9) | 18 (56.3) | 55 (31.1) | |||
| No | 136 (65.1) | 14 (43.8) | 122 (68.9) | |||
| GL status | ||||||
| Yes | 137 (65.6) | 8 (25.0) | 129 (72.9) | |||
| No | 72 (34.4) | 24 (75.0) | 48 (27.1) | |||