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. 2025 Aug 21;15(8):e099875. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-099875

Table 1. Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria.

Domain Inclusion criteria Exclusion criteria
Population Licensed nurses (RNs, NPs, LPNs/LVNs) who provide direct patient care in any healthcare setting Non-nurses, nursing students, nurses in non-clinical roles
Phenomena of Interest Nurses’ perceptions of factors influencing their adoption of AI technologies in clinical practice Nurses’ perceptions of non-AI technologies, quantitative measures of AI adoption
Design Primary qualitative studies of any design, qualitative components of mixed methods studies Quantitative studies, reviews, commentaries, editorials, conference abstracts
Evaluation Studies that identify, describe, or interpret barriers and/or facilitators to AI adoption from nurses’ perspectives Studies that do not report on barriers or facilitators, studies that only report researchers’ or other stakeholders’ perspectives
Research Type Original research published in peer-reviewed journals or grey literature Non-research publications such as opinion pieces, magazine articles, blog posts
Time Frame No time restrictions; studies will be included from database inception to the search date N/A
Language English Non-English

AI, Artificial Intelligence ; LPNs, Licensed Practical Nurses; LVNs, Licensed Vocational Nurses; NPs, Nurse Practitioners; RNs, Registered Nurses.