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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 May 21.
Published in final edited form as: Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2025 Aug 11;111:107546. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2025.107546

Table 1.

Summary of effects attributable to Cd or BaP, and interactions of Cd and BaP.

Age Test Cd BaP Interaction
PND 1–10 AGD Cd reduced sex difference in AGD. - -
PND 2–6 RR - - -
PND 7–13 NG - - Cd-alone faster vs controls on day 7. Co-exposure not affected.
PND 21 Wt Cd reduced pre-weaning body weight. - -
4 weeks EPM - - Cd (females) increased open arm time.
Co-exposure not affected.
5 weeks Fig-8 - - -
6 weeks NES BaP reduced food eaten and feeding bouts.
7 weeks NOR Cd reduced sex difference in NOR. - -
8–11 weeks RAM - BaP increased total errors (males) during first half of testing (sessions 1–6).
7 months Fig-8 - - -

Abbreviations: AGD, Anogenital distance; EPM, Elevated Plus Maze; Fig-8, Figure 8 maze; NES, Novel Environment Suppressed Feeding; NOR, Novel Object Recognition; NG, Negative Geotaxis; PND, Postnatal Day; RAM, Radial Arm Maze; RR, Righting Reflex; Wt, Body Weight.