Figure 2.

Anti-inflammatory effects and repair capabilities of FD@BSA nanozyme in vitro. (A, B) Viability of RAW 264.7 and HK-2 cells after coincubation with FD@BSA. The data are presented as the means ± SD (n = 3). (C) Viability of HK-2 cells after stimulation with H₂O₂ and treatment with different concentrations of FD@BSA. The data are presented as the means ± SD (n = 3). (D) Apoptotic rate of HK-2 cells after stimulation with H₂O₂ and treatment with different concentrations of FD@BSA. (E) CLSM images of ROS in HK-2 cells after stimulation with H₂O₂ and treatment with different concentrations of FD@BSA. Scale bar: 50 μm. (F) CLSM images of the changes in the mitochondrial membrane potential after stimulation with H₂O₂ and treatment with different concentrations of FD@BSA. Scale bar: 50 μm. (G, H, I) Levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α secreted by HK-2 cells after activation by H₂O₂ and treatment with different concentrations of FD@BSA. The data are presented as the means ± SD (n = 3). Statistical significance was determined by ANOVA. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; ns, not significant.