Table 6.

Simulation results under the CR-TND setting with imprecise laboratory tests (10% false positive and negative rates). For each of the estimators, we report the bias, standard error of the estimates (SE), average of the standard error estimates (ASE), probability of rejecting the null hypothesis (PoR), and the coverage probability of nominal 0.95 confidence intervals based on Normal approximations (CP). The bias, SE, and ASE are on the log scale

	Estimators	Bias	SE	ASE	PoR	CP
$\lambda =1(\log \lambda =0)$	Odds ratio	0.14	0.32	0.31	0.09	0.91
	Test-positive fraction	−0.00	0.26	–	0.06	0.94
	GLMM	0.05	0.27	0.25	0.09	0.91
	GEE	0.14	0.26	0.24	0.14	0.86
	Log-contrast	0.00	0.31	0.32	0.06	0.94
	Covariate-adjusted	−0.00	0.27	0.27	0.06	0.94
$\lambda =0.6(\log \lambda =-0.51)$	Odds ratio	0.23	0.37	0.37	0.12	0.88
	Test-positive fraction	0.20	0.27	–	0.21	0.90
	GLMM	0.21	0.20	0.19	0.35	0.78
	GEE	0.22	0.20	0.18	0.36	0.74
	Log-contrast	0.17	0.30	0.31	0.21	0.91
	Covariate-adjusted	0.16	0.18	0.18	0.46	0.85
$\lambda =0.2(\log \lambda =-1.61)$	Odds ratio	0.59	0.32	0.38	0.81	0.67
	Test-positive fraction	0.71	0.22	–	0.97	0.31
	GLMM	0.64	0.17	0.19	1.00	0.07
	GEE	0.62	0.18	0.17	1.00	0.09
	Log-contrast	0.63	0.26	0.27	0.96	0.35
	Covariate-adjusted	0.63	0.16	0.17	1.00	0.03