Table 2.
Comparison of baseline characteristics based on remission.
| Parameter | Remission ( N = 343) | No remission ( N = 1110) | Odds ratio | 95% CI | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at onset, N (%) | 1.73 | 1.34–2.23 | < 0.001 | ||
| > 40 years | 227 (66.2%) | 588 (53%) | |||
| ≤ 40 years | 116 (33.8%) | 522 (47%) | |||
| Sex, N (%) | 1.28 | 0.96–1.70 | 0.088 | ||
| Male | 265 (77.3%) | 806 (72.6%) | |||
| Female | 78 (22.7%) | 304 (27.4%) | |||
| Diabetes duration, N (%) | 0.27 | 0.21–0.35 | < 0.001 | ||
| > 6 years | 180 (52.5%) | 889 (80.1%) | |||
| ≤ 6 years | 163 (47.5%) | 221 (19.9%) | |||
| Medicine status, N (%) | 0.33 | 0.23–0.48 | < 0.001 | ||
| On OHA | 286 (83.4%) | 1041 (93.8%) | |||
| Drug-naïve | 57 (16.6%) | 69 (6.2%) | |||
| Juice fasting, N (%) | 1.08 | 0.85–1.38 | 0.269 | ||
| No | 156 (45.5%) | 528 (47.6%) | |||
| Yes | 187 (54.5%) | 582 (52.4%) | |||
| BMI, median (IQR) and N (%) | |||||
| Median (IQR) | 23.4 (1.9) | 22.9 (2.3) | — | — | < 0.001 |
| Normal (18.5–22.9 kg/m2) | 136 (39.7%) | 557 (50.2%) | 1.53 | 1.19–1.96 | |
| Overweight (23–24.9 kg/m2) | 207 (60.3%) | 553 (49.8%) | |||
| HOMA2%B, median (IQR) and N (%) | |||||
| Median (IQR) | 46.8 (38) | 34.1 (29.9) | — | — | < 0.001 |
| Poor beta cell function (≤ 50) | 183 (53.4%) | 820 (73.9%) | 0.40 | 0.31–0.52 | |
| Good beta cell function (> 50) | 160 (46.6%) | 290 (26.1%) | |||
| HOMA2-IR, median (IQR) and N (%) | |||||
| Median (IQR) | 0.8 (0.8) | 0.8 (0.7) | — | — | 0.154 |
| Insulin resistance (> 2) | 22 (6.4%) | 50 (4.5%) | 0.68 | 0.41–1.15 | |
| No insulin resistance (≤ 2) | 321 (93.6%) | 1060 (95.5%) | |||
| HbA1C, median (IQR) and N (%) | |||||
| Median (IQR) | 6.8% (1.6) | 7.6% (2.2) | — | — | < 0.001 |
| Poor glycemic control (> 7%) | 144 (42%) | 725 (65.3%) | 0.38 | 0.30–0.49 | |
| Good glycemic control (≤ 7%) | 199 (58%) | 385 (34.7%) |
Note: Data are presented as frequency and percentage for categorical variable and as median (IQR) and frequency (percentage) for continuous variable. Odds ratios, 95% CI, and p value reported using chi-square test.
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HbA1C, glycated hemoglobin; HOMA2%B, homeostatic model assessment of beta cell function; HOMA2-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; IQR, interquartile range; OHA, oral hypoglycemic agent.