Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2025 Jul 28;21(11):5034–5055. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.116088

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The author(s)

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). See https://ivyspring.com/terms for full terms and conditions.

PMC Copyright notice

Lactylation effects on inflammation-related cells. (A) In macrophages, factors such as lactate, IL-1β, and mitochondrial fragmentation promote lactylation, whereas IFNAR inhibits histone lactylation. Lactylation regulates the expression of genes related to immunity, energy metabolism, and tissue repair. Additionally, lactylated proteins are released via vesicles into other cells, facilitating intercellular communication. (B) In T cells, lactylation regulates T cell differentiation and cytokine expression. (C) In endothelial cells, lactylation is involved in regulating panoptosis and cytokine expression. *Created with BioRender.com. Abbreviation: K_L-la: Lactylation.