Table 1.
Carfilzomib, Pomalidomide, and anti-CD38 antibody for extramedullary disease in multiple myeloma
| Patient group | Patient (n)/ EMD (n) | Line of previous treatment | Treatment | Efficacy | Survival | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RRMM | 135(32) | median 3 | Carfilzomib-based therapy |
EMD vs. non-EMD: ORR: 40%, 49% |
EMD vs. non-EMD: DOR: 3.9 months, 9.3 months |
[35] |
| RRMM | 364(88) | median 1 | KRD |
EMD vs. all patients: ORR: 83%, 90% |
EMD vs. all patients: mPFS: 14 months, 23.4 months; mOS: 36 months, 69.5 months |
[36] |
| RRMM |
45(45) (EM-B: 20; EM-E: 25) |
median 4 | Carfilzomib-based therapy |
EMD: ORR: 59% Extramedullary lesions: ORR:27% |
EMD: mPFS: 5 months; mOS: 10 months | [38] |
| RRMM | 174(13) | median 6 | Pom + low-dose dex | EMD: ORR: 31% | EMD vs. non-EMD: mOS: 16 months, NR | [12] |
| RRMM | 6(6) (EM-B: 4; EM-E: 2) | median 4 | PAD/DP-PACE/VPD | EMD: ORR: 83% | EMD: mPFS: 5 months; mOS: 8 months | [39] |
| RRMM | 36(5) (EM-B: 4; EM-E: 1) | median 6.5 | Pom + low-dose dex | EMD vs. all patients: ORR: 0%, 42% | ND | [40] |
| RRMM | 148(18) | median 5 | Dara |
EMD vs. non-EMD: ORR: 16.7%, 33.1% |
EMD: ND; All patients: mPFS: 4 months; mOS: 20.1 months | [41] |
| RRMM | 106(14) | median 5 | Dara |
EMD vs. non-EMD: ORR: 21.4%, 30.4% |
EMD: ND; All patients: mPFS: 3.7 months; mOS: 17.5 months | [42] |
| RRMM |
186(41) (EM-B: 31; EM-E: 10) |
median 5 | Dara-Rd |
EMD vs. non-EMD: ORR: 57.7%, 85.4% |
EMD vs. non-EMD: mPFS: 7.8 months, 27.3 months |
[43] |
| RRMM | 32(32) | median 3 | Dara-DCEP |
EMD: ORR: 67.7%; CR: 35.5% |
EMD: mPFS: 5 months; mOS: 10 months | [44] |
Abbreviations: EMD, extramedullary disease; RRMM, relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma; EM-B, EMD, bone-associated; EM-E, extramedullary extraosseous; ORR, overall response rate; CR, complete response; mOS, median overall survival; mPFS, median progression-free survival; ND, no data; NR, not reached; KRD: carfilzomib-lenalidomide-dexamethasone; Pom, Pomalidomide; dex, dexamethasone; PAD, pomalidomide-doxorubicin-dexamethasone; DP-PACE, dexamethasone-pomalidomide-cisplatin-doxorubicin-cyclophosphamide-etoposide; VPD, bortezomib-pomalidomide-dexamethasone; Dara, daratumumab; Dara-Rd, daratumumab-lenalidomide-dexamethasone; DCEP, dexamethasone-cyclophosphamide-etoposide-cisplatin