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. 2025 Jul 16;130(7):3313–3347. doi: 10.1007/s11192-025-05352-9

Table 6.

Results of OLS Modelling

Globalisation Marketisation Decentralisation Control variables
FDI − 0.035*** IEPF 0.294** DLFE 0.410*** Urbpopu 0.035*
Trade 0.076 PPGT 0.072* DLFR 0.244** School 0.028
Coasal_City − 0.042 ETDZ 0.033* WL − 0.282
Central − 0.272 Base 0.176**
R2 0.856
Adjusted R2 0.781

*p < 0.1; **p < 0.05; ***p < 0.01