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. 2025 Aug 23;16:184. doi: 10.1186/s13244-025-02068-5

Table 1.

Summary statistics and MAE/MAPE for different age groups

Internal validation set External validation set
Age group (Y) Male Female Male Female
0–1 MAE (m) 1.30 ± 1.46 1.26 ± 1.27 1.33 ± 1.39 1.32 ± 1.34
MAPE (%) NA* NA* NA* NA*
1–3 MAE (m) 3.35 ± 2.81 3.34 ± 2.96 3.68 ± 3.41 3.48 ± 3.08
MAPE (%) 14.4 ± 12.7 14.5 ± 13.0 15.8 ± 14.8 15.0 ± 13.3
3–6 MAE (m) 4.97 ± 4.02 4.63 ± 3.67 6.45 ± 5.13 5.78 ± 4.63
MAPE (%) 9.6 ± 7.8 9.1 ± 7.4 13.0 ± 9.8 11.2 ± 9.1
6–10 MAE (m) 6.97 ± 5.29 7.28 ± 5.47 8.46 ± 6.81 8.90 ± 6.65
MAPE (%) 7.0 ± 5.4 7.3 ± 5.5 8.6 ± 7.0 9.2 ± 7.0
10–16 MAE (m) 9.63 ± 7.21 10.11 ± 7.33 10.32 ± 7.54 10.67 ± 7.62
MAPE (%) 6.3 ± 4.7 6.5 ± 4.8 6.7 ± 4.9 7.0 ± 5.0
Overall MAE (m) 5.86 ± 5.39 5.80 ± 5.41 7.40 ± 6.56 7.29 ± 6.40
MAPE (%) NA* NA* NA* NA*
AEQs 4.31 (1.74, 8.48) 4.26 (1.70, 8.32) 5.41 (2.26, 10.77) 5.45 (2.10, 10.61)
APEQs 7.18 (3.24, 13.22) 7.27 (3.35, 13.22) 8.13 (3.68, 16.65) 8.11 (3.77, 14.65)

Values are presented as mean ± standard deviation or median (25th percentile, 75th percentile)

MAE mean absolute error, MAPE mean absolute percentage error, Y years, m months, AEQs absolute error quartiles, APEQs absolute percentage error quartiles

MAPE is not available for the ‘0–1 year’ and ‘overall’ groups because the presence of 0-month cases in these groups results in division by zero in MAPE calculation.