Table 2D.
The clinical trials of the combination of PD-1/PD-L1 blockade with other ICBs in cancer therapy
| Targets | PD-1/PD-L1 blockade | Other ICB | Clinicaltrial no. | Phase | Tumor types | Findings | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PD-1×TIGIT | Pembrolizumab | Vibostolimab | NCT02964013 | I | Advanced solid tumors, including NSCLC | Part A: confirmed ORR was 0% with monotherapy and 7% with combination therapy. Part B: confirmed ORR was 3% with monotherapy and 3% with combination therapy. | 208 |
| PD-L1×TIGIT | Atezolizumab | Tiragolumab | NCT03563716 | II | PD-L1-positive NSCLC | 21/67 patients (31.3%) in the combined group versus 11/68 patients (16.2%) in the placebo plus atezolizumab group had an objective response. Median PFS was 5.4 months in the combined group versus 3.6 months in the placebo plus atezolizumab group. | 209 |
| PD-1×IDO | Pembrolizumab | Epacadostat | NCT03414229 | II | Advanced sarcoma | The best ORR at 24 weeks was 3.3% (PR, 1/30). The median PFS was 7.6 weeks. Combined treatment was well tolerated and showed limited antitumor activity in sarcoma. | 210 |
| PD-1×IDO | Pembrolizumab | Epacadostat | NCT02752074 | III | Unresectable stage III or IV melanoma | No significant differences were found between the treatment groups for PFS (median 4.7 months for epacadostat plus pembrolizumab vs 4.9 months for placebo plus pembrolizumab) or overall survival. | 211 |
| PD-1×CD47 | Pembrolizumab | Evorpacept | NCT03013218 | I | Advanced solid tumours | Among patients who received evorpacept plus pembrolizumab, overall responses were recorded in 4/20 patients with HNSCC, in 1/ 20 patients with NSCLC, and in 4/19 patients with gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer. | 212 |
| PD-L1×A2AR | Durvalumab | AZD4635 | NCT02740985 | Ia/b | Solid tumors | In patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer receiving monotherapy or combination treatment, tumor responses (2/39 and 6/37, respectively) and prostate-specific antigen responses (3/60 and 10/45, respectively) were observed. High versus low blood-based adenosine signature was associated with median PFS of 21 weeks versus 8.7 weeks. | 213 |
ICB: immune checkpoint blockades; ORR: objective response rate; DCR: disease control rate; PFS: progression-free survival; PR: partial response; NSCLC: non-small cell lung cancer; HNSCC: head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.