Table 2.

DCMD performances against 3.5 wt % NaCl of fabricated composite electrospun nanofibrous membrane in this work and in other literature.

Membrane	FD, nm	P, %	PSave, μm	WCA, °	LEP, kPa	ΔT, °C	Flux, LMH	Test duration, h	Reference
PVDF/ZnO NP	200	-	0.42	145.2	115	40	13.3a	10	13
PVDF-HFP/SiO2 NP	~ 175	82.3	1.34	> 150	87.8	33	15	240	15
PVDF-HFP/CNT	257	> 84	0.29	158.5	99	40	29.5	10	42
PVDF/FAS/TiO2 (in-situ grown)	375	57	0.81	157.7	158	45	73.4	10	30
PVDF/PDA/PEI	-	-	0.017	25.7d	-	40	~ 13	24	43
PVDF-HFP/FAS	94	78	0.84	138e	160	40	19	5	44
PVDF/GO	144	90	-	143.9	61	60	40	10	45
PVDF/MWCNT	124.3	92.3	-	141.5	35	60	54	10	45
PSF/FPU	440	95.4	-	155	108	60	53.8a	32	46
PVDF/PPO	1800	88.9	0.7	~ 137	126	40	17b	100	47
PVDF/SiO2	175	77	0.26	160.5	195	60 °C feed, 9 kPac	31.5	15	14
PVDF/FAS/SiO2	209	77	0.27	154.6	143	70 °C feed, 6 kPac	11.5	22	5
PVA/glutaraldehyde/FAS	~ 155	82	0.46	158	179	60 °C feed, 9 kPac	25.2	16	48
PVDF/Al2O3	236	87.5	0.39	154	172	40f.	18.6	30	22
PVDF/FAS/TiO2 (integrated electrospin + electrospray)	176	82	0.96	139	194	45	22.5	24	This work

^aagainst 3.0% wt NaCl, ^bagainst 1.0% wt NaCl, ^cvacuum MD, ^dunderwater oleophobic, ^eamphiphobic (OCA = 127°), ^fair gap MD. CNT – Carbon nanotube, FAS – Fluoro alkyl silane, FPU – Fluorinated polyurethane, GO- Graphene oxide, MWCNT- Multi-walled carbon nanotube, NP – Nanoparticle, PPO – Polyphenylene oxide, FD – Fiber diameter, P – Porosity, PS_ave – Average pore size, WCA – Water contact angle, LEP – Liquid entry pressure.