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. 2025 Aug 23;15:30995. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-16656-4

Table 1.

Descriptive statistics and factor loadings for the 3DM-C.

Item M SD Kurtosis Skewness λSignificance λPurpose λCoherence
A1 4.82 1.51 −0.08 −0.54 - 0.54 -
A2 5.52 1.66 −0.61 −0.95 0.78 - -
A3 5.48 1.22 1.37 −1.02 - - 0.75
A4 5.39 1.39 0.89 −0.90 - - 0.82
A5 4.91 1.64 0.01 −0.47 - 0.85 -
A6 4.85 1.76 −0.11 −0.51 - 0.84 -
A7 5.54 1.09 1.66 −1.05 - - 0.61
A8 5.45 1.48 0.71 −0.85 0.88 - -
A9 5.48 1.19 1.29 −0.89 - 0.68 -
A10 5.10 1.49 0.05 −0.68 - - 0.71
A11 5.88 1.45 1.47 −1.20 0.72 - -