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. 2025 Aug 23;15:31039. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-15292-2

Table 7.

Comparative performance with baseline systems.

Method Anomaly F1-score Tamper detection TPR Trust score stability (σ) Access control accuracy
Proposed Framework 94.00% 93.80% 3.60% 94.20%
SAD (Z-score) 76.00% 71.40% 11.40% 81.70%
RBTS 69.00% 65.30% 14.80% 79.30%
EBD 0.82 75.50% 0.099 85.90%