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. 2025 Jul 25;17(7):e88767. doi: 10.7759/cureus.88767

Table 2. Supplemental Content 1. Full Program-Wide Global Health Needs Assessment Tool.

Part I: General Global Health Interest/Experiences
1. I am interested in learning about health inequities during residency.
A. Strongly Agree; B. Moderately Agree; C. Somewhat Agree; D. Somewhat Disagree; E. Moderately Disagree; F. Strongly Disagree
2. I am interested in learning about global health during residency.
A. Strongly Agree; B. Moderately Agree; C. Somewhat Agree; D. Somewhat Disagree; E. Moderately Disagree; F. Strongly Disagree
3. What experience(s) have you had in global health? (select all that apply)
A. Formal global health courses/lectures/conferences (e.g., within noon or case conference); B. Formal cultural competency/humility classes/lectures/conferences; C. Formal global health track/certificate/degree in training; D. University-approved international medical rotations/electives; E. Personal international medical/global health trip; F. Domestic clinical global health experiences (e.g., Indian Health Service, working at Marion County Refugee clinic, etc.); G. Have lived more than one year of your life in a country outside the US; H. Group discussion of the GOALS modules on Community Rotation (global health topics); I. Sim Olympic scenario (residency simulation day) that included a refugee or immigrant; J. Rotation or course focused on the social determinants of health; K. Shadowing an interpreter and writing a reflection
Part II: Residency Training Experiences
1. Are you in the IU interdisciplinary global health track?
A. Yes; B. No
2. If you were interested in one or more of the global health experiences from Part I, but were unable to participate during residency, please tell us what that/those experience(s) was/were and why? (free text)
3. What were the most enjoyable global health experiences you had during residency? (free text)
Part III: Selecting Residency Training
1. The interdisciplinary global health residency track at IUSM influenced your decision to rank IU higher for residency match.
A. Strongly Agree; B. Moderately Agree; C. Somewhat Agree; D. Somewhat Disagree; E. Moderately Disagree; F. Strongly Disagree
2. It was important for you to choose a residency program that had opportunities for a global health elective, regardless of whether there was a formal interdisciplinary global health residency track at IUSM.
A. Strongly Agree; B. Moderately Agree; C. Somewhat Agree; D. Somewhat Disagree; E. Moderately Disagree; F. Strongly Disagree
3. It was important for you to choose a residency program that had exposure to formal global health topics (courses, lectures, conferences).
A. Strongly Agree; B. Moderately Agree; C. Somewhat Agree; D. Somewhat Disagree; E. Moderately Disagree; F. Strongly Disagree
4. It was important for you to choose a residency program that had opportunities to care for patients from immigrant and refugee populations.
A. Strongly Agree; B. Moderately Agree; C. Somewhat Agree; D. Somewhat Disagree; E. Moderately Disagree; F. Strongly Disagree
5. It was important for you to choose a residency program that had opportunities to care for patients from local low-income and underserved populations.
A. Strongly Agree; B. Moderately Agree; C. Somewhat Agree; D. Somewhat Disagree; E. Moderately Disagree; F. Strongly Disagree
6. It was important for you to choose a residency program that included curriculum on health inequities and social determinants of health.
A. Strongly Agree; B. Moderately Agree; C. Somewhat Agree; D. Somewhat Disagree; E. Moderately Disagree; F. Strongly Disagree
7. Did your residency prepare you to address topics relating to international health, including preparing a patient for international travel, assessing the returned traveler, and international adoption?
A. Strongly Agree; B. Moderately Agree; C. Somewhat Agree; D. Somewhat Disagree; E. Moderately Disagree; F. Strongly Disagree
8. Your residency prepared you to work with poor and underserved communities?
A. Strongly Agree; B. Moderately Agree; C. Somewhat Agree; D. Somewhat Disagree; E. Moderately Disagree; F. Strongly Disagree
9. Your residency prepared you to work with immigrant/refugee populations?
A. Strongly Agree; B. Moderately Agree; C. Somewhat Agree; D. Somewhat Disagree; E. Moderately Disagree; F. Strongly Disagree
10. When you are finished with residency, do you plan on spending any professional time working and caring for patients from any of the following: (select all that apply)
A. Immigrant/refugee community locally; B. International population, abroad; C. Poor and underserved communities (whether locally or abroad); D. None of the above
11. During your residency, did you receive education or training on any of the following topics in international/global health? (select all that apply)
A. Health care of immigrant or refugee children and their families; B. Epidemiology of infant and child mortality in developing countries; C. Socioeconomic determinants of global child health; D. Diagnosis and management of malnutrition in developing countries; E. Diagnosis and management of common pediatric tropical diseases; F. Ethical issues in working or volunteering in developing countries; G. International child health policies, initiatives, and guidelines; H. Health care delivery systems in developing countries; I. Preparation for responding to humanitarian emergencies
Part IV: Interest in Global Health Scholarly Activities
1. Would you be interested in participating in additional activities related to global health during residency?
A. Yes; B. No; C. Unsure
2. If yes, please select your level of interest in the following activities (some currently exist in our program, but some do not):
A. Incorporating international health curriculum into your general lecture series (e.g., noon conferences) I. No interest; II. Minimal interest; III. Strong interest
B. Opportunities to work at a refugee clinic I. No interest; II. Minimal interest; III. Strong interest
C. Global Health Grand Rounds (1-2x per year) I. No interest; II. Minimal interest; III. Strong interest
D. Dedicated interdisciplinary global health track within residency I. No interest; II. Minimal interest; III. Strong interest
E. Online global health courses from residency institution (e.g., Canvas modules) I. No interest; II. Minimal interest; III. Strong interest
F. Online global health courses from outside institutions I. No interest; II. Minimal interest; III. Strong interest
G. Certificate in global health from an outside institution I. No interest; II. Minimal interest; III. Strong interest
H. Coursework counting toward Master's in Public Health I. No interest; II. Minimal interest; III. Strong interest
I. Participating in a quarterly pediatric-focused global health interest group I. No interest; II. Minimal interest; III. Strong interest
J. Global Health Journal Club I. No interest; II. Minimal interest; III. Strong interest
1. If interested in a journal club, what format would you prefer to engage in Global Health Journal Club sessions? I. In-person; II. Virtual; III. Both
2. How often would you prefer to engage in Global Health Journal Club sessions? I. Monthly; II. Every two months; III. 3-4 times per year
3. What topics would you be interested in learning about during Global Health Journal Clubs? (free text)
4. Who would you like to choose the articles/topics for the Global Health Journal Club sessions? (select all that apply) I. Self; II. Peers (Fellows or Residents); II. Attending
K. Global health book club I. No interest; II. Minimal interest; II. Strong interest
L. Global health research I. No interest; II. Minimal interest; III. Strong interest
1. If interested in research, would you be interested in helping to do a retrospective chart review of hospital data from Kenya for a global research project? I. Yes; II. No
2. If yes, please provide email address for follow-up: (Free text)
3. Please rank the barriers that prevent you from pursuing global health opportunities.
A. No barriers, just no interest; B. Time; C. Money; D. Health safety; E. Language barriers; F. Political conflict; G. Lack of mentorship; H. Ethical considerations regarding impact
Part V: Global Health and Child Health Inequities
1. If interested in learning about global health during residency, do you plan to work or volunteer in a low-or middle-income community in the future?
A. Yes, definite plans starting after graduation; B. Very likely to seek a long-term position; C. Very likely to seek short-term volunteer opportunities only; D. Somewhat likely to seek a long-term position; E. Somewhat likely to seek short-term volunteer opportunities only; F. Unlikely; G. Definitely not
2. If interested in learning about global health during residency, do you plan to incorporate global health into your career?
A. Yes; B. No
3. Overall, how would you rate your residency in preparing you for global child health activities?
A. Poor; B. Fair; C. Good; D. Very Good; E. Excellent
4. Overall, how would you rate your residency in preparing you for child health inequities?
A. Poor; B. Fair; C. Good; D. Very Good; E. Excellent
5. Please share any additional comments or reflections on global health in residency: (Free text)
Part VI: Global Health and COVID-19
1. Please compare your current interest in participating in an international elective to that before the COVID-19 pandemic. Since pre-COVID-19, your interest in an international elective has:
A. Increased; B. Decreased; C. Unchanged
2. In general, how has your interest in learning about global health (via news media, formal conferences, courses, etc) changed with the COVID-19 pandemic?
A. Increased; B. Decreased; C. Unchanged
3. How has your interest in advocating for the prevention of the international spread of diseases (COVID-19 and other microbes) changed with the COVID-19 pandemic?
A. Increased; B. Decreased; C. Unchanged
4. How has your interest in advocating for global vaccination of vaccine-preventable illnesses (COVID-19, Hepatitis, Influenza, Measles, and other microbes) changed with the COVID-19 pandemic?
A. Increased; B. Decreased; C. Unchanged 
5. How has your interest in learning more about global economic, social, and political disparities and access to health care changed with the COVID-19 pandemic?
A. Increased; B. Decreased; C. Unchanged 
6. How has your interest in learning more about global resource distribution and scientific development (PPE, medicines, vaccines) changed with the COVID-19 pandemic?
A. Increased; B. Decreased; C. Unchanged
7. If you had an opportunity to participate on an international elective in 2021, would you go?
A. If yes, why? (select all that apply) I. Long-standing interest in global health; II. Guaranteed elective time during residency to travel; III. Personal vaccine status; IV. Vaccine status of close contacts (family, friends, coworkers); V. Personal Physical Health; VI. Personal Mental Health; VII. Interest in novel and valuable opportunity to learn more about global health in setting of a pandemic; VIII. Strong mentorship; IX. Other (free text)
B. If no, why? (select all that apply)
I. No interest;
II. Time;
III. Money;
IV. Personal vaccine status;
V. Vaccine status of close contacts (family, friends, coworkers);
VI. Personal Physical Health;
VII. Personal Mental Health;
VIII. Public health concerns secondary to variable global vaccine distribution;
IX. Public health concerns secondary to the onset of new COVID-19 strains;
X. Public health concerns secondary to continued international recommendations to limit travel/exposure;
XI. Concern for missing valuable curriculum/training experiences in home residency program;
XII. Language barriers;
XIII. Political conflict;
XIV. Lack of mentorship;
XV. Increased awareness of the supremacy mindset intertwined with global health;
XVI. Other (free text)
8. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, how interested were you in participating in domestic global health (working with refugee/immigrant populations, with the Indian Health Services, with individuals experiencing homelessness)?
A. Very interested;
B. Moderately interested;
C. Somewhat interested;
D. Somewhat disinterested;
E. Very disinterested
9. Please compare your current interest in participating in a domestic global health elective to that before the COVID-19 pandemic. Since pre-COVID-19, has your interest:
A. Increased; B. Decreased; C. Stayed about the same
10. If you had an opportunity to participate in domestic global health now, would you participate?
A. If yes, why? (select all that apply)
I. Long-standing interest in global health;
II. Guaranteed elective time during residency to travel;
III. Personal vaccine status;
IV. Vaccine status of close contacts (family, friends, coworkers);
V. Personal Physical Health;
VI. Personal Mental Health;
VII. Interest in novel and valuable opportunity to learn more about global health in the setting of a pandemic;
VIII. Strong mentorship;
IX. Other (free text)
B. If no, why? (select all that apply)
I. No interest;
II. No known opportunities;
III. Time;
IV. Money;
V. Personal vaccine status;
VI. Vaccine status of close contacts (family, friends, coworkers);
VII. Personal physical health;
VIII. Personal mental health;
IX. Public health concerns secondary to variable national vaccine distribution;
X. Public health concerns secondary to the onset of new COVID-19 strains;
XI. Public health concerns secondary to continued recommendations to limit national travel/exposure;
XII. Concern for missing valuable curriculum/training experiences in regular clinical rotations;
XIII. Language barriers;
XIV. Lack of mentorship;
XV. Other (free text)
11. To what degree do you think your global health education has been adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic?
A. Significant adverse impact; B. Moderate adverse impact; C. Slight adverse impact; D. No impact at all; E. Positively impacted
 To what degree do you think your overall scholarly activity has been adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic?
A. Significant adverse impact;
B. Moderate adverse impact;
C. Slight adverse impact;
D. No impact at all;
E. Positively impacted
13. To what degree do you think your overall residency education has been adversely impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic?
A. Significant adverse impact;
B. Moderate adverse impact;
C. Slight adverse impact;
D. No impact at all;
E. Positively impacted
Part VII: Demographics
1. What is your level of training?
A. PGY1; B. PGY2; C. PGY3; D. PGY4+
3. What specialty are you doing your training in?
A. Categorical Peds; B. Med/Peds; C. EM/Peds; D. Peds/Psych/Child Psych; E. Child Neurology; F. Neurodevelopmental Peds
3. Where did you attend medical school?
A. United States; B. Canada; C. Other
4. Did you graduate from an MD or DO medical program?
A. MD; B. DO; C. Other
5. What is your approximate level of educational debt? (including your spouse's)
A. < $100,000; B. > $100,000
6. What are your plans for clinical practice in the future?
A. Primary care practice; B. Subspecialty practice/both primary and subspecialty practice; C. Hospitalist; D. Other
7. What gender do you identify with?
A. Male; B. Female; C. Transgender; D. Gender fluid; E. Non-binary; F. Other; G. Prefer not to answer
8. What race/ethnic group do you most identify with?
A. White, non-Hispanic; B. Asian, Southeast Asian, Pacific Islander; C. Black; D. Hispanic; E. Other
9. What is your age in years?
A. 20-25; B. 26-30; C. 31-35; D. 36-40; E. 40+
10. Are you married/partnered?
A. Yes; B. No
11. Do you have any children (or currently expecting)?
A. Yes; B. No
12. How many languages do you speak and/or understand fluently?
A. 1 language; B. 2 languages; C. 3 languages; D. 3+ languages
Part VIII: Graduating Question
1. Please fill in your name and email address if you would like to receive a $5 Amazon gift card. (Free text)