Table 1.
Workplace Suicide and Overdose Death Rates by Sociodemographics and Workplace Characteristics: Rate Ratios (95% CIs) and Average Annual Percent Change: Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, 2011–2022
| Characteristic | Average annual suicide rate per 100,000 workers | RR (95% CI) | Average annual percent change (95% CI) | Average annual overdose death rate per 100,000 workers | RR (95% CI) | Average annual percent change (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 0.32 (0.27, 0.37) | 9.9 (4.1, 15.6) | −1.0 (−2.5, 0.5) | 0.26 (0.20, 0.31) | 5.1 (2.8, 7.4) | 17.3 (13.6, 21.0) |
| Female | 0.03 (0.01, 0.05) | Ref | −2.0 (−7.0, 2.9) | 0.05 (0.03, 0.07) | Ref | 15.2 (11.6, 18.7) |
| Age group | ||||||
| 16–24 years | 0.20 (0.12, 0.28) | Ref | 2.1 (−3.1, 7.3) | 0.09 (0.07, 0.11) | Ref | 9.6 (7.8, 11.4) |
| 25–34 years | 0.15 (0.11, 0.18) | 0.7 (0.4, 1.1) | 0.2 (−1.7, 2.1) | 0.20 (0.15, 0.26) | 2.3 (1.5, 3.1) | 16.0 (13.4, 18.6) |
| 35–44 years | 0.18 (0.15, 0.21) | 0.9 (0.5, 1.3) | −2.1 (−3.3, −0.9) | 0.23 (0.15, 0.30) | 2.6 (1.5, 3.7) | 17.2 (14.3, 20.1) |
| 45–54 years | 0.23 (0.17, 0.29) | 1.2 (0.6, 1.7) | −2.3 (−4.4, −0.3) | 0.18 (0.11, 0.25) | 2.1 (1.2, 2.9) | 17.3 (14.0, 20.6) |
| 55+ | 0.25 (0.20, 0.30) | 1.2 (0.7, 1.8) | −1.2 (−3.0, 0.5) | 0.12 (0.07, 0.18) | 1.4 (0.7, 2.1) | 17.6 (13.5, 21.7) |
| Race | ||||||
| White | 0.20 (0.17, 0.23) | Ref | −1.5 (−2.7, −0.3) | 0.17 (0.13, 0.20) | Ref | 15.3 (13.3,17.2) |
| African American | 0.11 (0.06, 0.16) | 0.5 (0.3, 0.8) | −1.0 (−4.9, 2.9) | 0.16 (0.09, 0.23) | 0.9 (0.5, 1.4) | 19.5 (12.7, 26.4) |
| Othera | 0.26 (0.17, 0.35) | 1.3 (0.8, 1.8) | 1.3 (−2.4, 5.0) | 0.14 (0.01, 0.27) | 0.8 (0.1, 1.6) | 36.6 (6.6, 66.7) |
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| Not Hispanic | 0.12 (0.07, 0.17) | Ref | −1.8 (−4.7,1.1) | 0.11 (0.05, 0.18) | Ref | 26.3 (12.4, 40.2) |
| Hispanic | 0.20 (0.17, 0.23) | 1.7 (0.9, 2.4) | −1.0 (−2.6, 0.7) | 0.17 (0.14, 0.20) | 1.5 (0.6, 2.5) | 15.6 (13.4,17.7) |
| Employer ownership | ||||||
| Federal/state/local Government | 0.24 (0.15, 0.32) | Ref | 0.3 (−3.0, 3.7) | 0.06 (0.04, 0.08) | Ref | 9.4 (7.2, 11.6) |
| Private ownership | 0.18 (0.15, 0.21) | 0.8 (0.5, 1.1) | −1.5 (−3.0, 0.1) | 0.18 (0.14, 0.21) | 3.2 (1.9, 4.5) | 16.6 (13.2, 20.0) |
| Cause of death | ||||||
| Firearms | 0.09 (0.08, 0.1) | Ref | −0.4 (−1.3, 0.5) | - | ||
| Non-firearm | 0.10 (0.08, 0.13) | 1.1 (0.8, 1.4) | −1.9 (−4.1, 0.3) | - | ||
| Illegal drugs | - | - | - | 0.06 (0.05, 0.07) | Ref | 10.7 (8.6, 12.7) |
| Legal drugs | - | - | - | 0.04 (0.03, 0.06) | 0.7 (0.4, 1.0) | 18.3 (13.8, 22.9) |
| Multiple drugs | - | 0.06 (0.04, 0.08) | 1.0 (0.6, 1.4) | 22.4 (16.7, 28.2) | ||
| Total | 0.2 (0.17, 0.23) | −1.2 (−2.6, 0.2) | 0.17 (0.13, 0.2) | 16.5 (13.2, 19.9) | ||
a
The Other category was developed by merging data from the AI/AN, Asian, NH/PI, multiple races, and the predetermined Other category due to the inability to report low cell sizes in these race categories.