TABLE 6.
Adjusted model of ordinal logistic regression analysis examining associations between sum phthalate measures and self-reported frequency of sleep disturbances, insomnia, and restless sleep in midlife women
| Sleep disturbances β (95% CI)a | Insomnia β (95% CI)a | Restless sleep β (95% CI)a | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Phthalate measure | |||
| sumPCP | −0.058 (−0.15 to 0.036) | −0.040 (−0.14 to 0.055) | −0.051 (−0.15 to 0.047) |
| sumDEHP | 0.13 (−0.35 to 0.60) | 0.027 (−0.45 to 0.50) | 0.11 (−0.38 to 0.59) |
| sumAA | 0.068 (−0.32 to 0.45) | −0.097 (−0.49 to 0.29) | 0.18 (−0.22 to 0.58) |
| sumPLASTIC | 0.14 (−0.31 to 0.59) | 0.014 (−0.44 to 0.46) | 0.14 (−0.33 to 0.60) |
| sumALL | −0.050 (−0.15 to 0.046) | −0.027 (−0.12 to 0.069) | −0.025 (−0.13 to 0.074) |
sumPCP is the sum of phthalate metabolites present in personal care products: MBP + MEP.
sumDEHP is the sum of DEHP metabolites: MECPP + MEHHP + MEHP + MEOHP.
sumAA is the sum of phthalate metabolites with known androgenic activity: sumDEHP + MBP + MBzP + MiBP.
sumPLASTIC is the sum of phthalate metabolites from plastic sources: sumDEHP + MCPP + MBzP.
sumALL is the sum of all calculated phthalate metabolites: sumDEHP + MCPP + MBzP + MEP + MBP + MiBP.
AA, antiandrogenic; BMI, body mass index; CES-D, Center for Epidemiologic Studies – Depression; CI, Confidence interval; DEHP, di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate; MBP, monobutyl phthalate; MBzP, monobenzyl phthalate; MCEPP, mono-(5-carboxy-2-ethylpentyl) phthalate; MCPP, mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate; MEHHP, mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate; MEHP, monoethylhexyl phthalate; MEOHP, mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate; MEP, monoethyl phthalate; MiBP, monoisobutyl phthalate; PCP, personal care products; QOL, quality of life.
Adjusted for BMI, menopause status, hot flashes at night, smoking status, CES-D score, and present QOL.