Table 3.
Factors associated with viral suppression among CALHIV on DTG-based ART adjusting for clustering effect (N = 63,453)
| Variable | Crude analysis | Adjusted analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR (95%CI) | P-value | RR (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Sex | ||||
| Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Female | 1.01 (1.01–1.02) | < 0.001 | 1.01 (0.99–1.01) | 0.095 |
| Age (years) | ||||
| 1–4 | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| 5–9 | 0.98 (0.98–0.99) | < 0.001 | 0.99 (0.98–0.99) | < 0.001 |
| 10–14 | 0.98 (0.97–0.99) | < 0.001 | 0.98 (0.97–0.99) | < 0.001 |
| 15–19 | 1.01 (1.00-1.02) | 0.021 | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) | 0.001 |
| WHO clinical | ||||
| Stage I | 1.02 (1.01–1.04) | < 0.001 | 1.03 (1.01–1.04) | 0.003 |
| Stage II | 1.02 (1.00-1.03) | 0.016 | 1.02 (1.00-1.04) | 0.015 |
| Stage III | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 0.118 | 1.02 (0.99–1.03) | 0.062 |
| Stage IV | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| CD4 cells/mm3 | ||||
| < 200 | 1.00 | |||
| 200–349 | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 0.622 | ||
| >=350 | 1.02 (1.00-1.03) | 0.008 | ||
| BMI (Kg/M2) | ||||
| Underweight | 1.00 | |||
| Normal | 1.01 (0.99–1.01) | 0.128 | ||
| Overweight | 1.00 (0.958–1.03) | 0.935 | ||
| Obesity | 1.00 (0.99–1.02) | 0.853 | ||
| Prior DTG status | ||||
| Experienced suppressed | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Experienced unsuppressed | 0.91 (0.90–0.92) | < 0.001 | 0.92 (0.91–0.93) | < 0.001 |
| Naive | 1.01 (1.00-1.02) | 0.003 | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) | 0.497 |
| Duration on ART | ||||
| 24 months or less | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| > 24 months | 0.98 (0.97–0.99) | < 0.001 | 0.96 (0.94–0.97) | < 0.001 |
| Current DTG regimen | ||||
| Other DTG regimen | 1.00 | |||
| TDF + 3TC + DTG(TLD) | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 0.356 | ||
| Ever received MMD | ||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 1.23 (1.21–1.25) | < 0.001 | 1.25 (1.23–1.28) | < 0.001 |
| Exposed to PMTCT | ||||
| No | 1.00 | |||
| Yes | 1.01 (0.99–1.01) | 0.120 | ||
| History of TB treatment | ||||
| No | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Yes | 0.99 (0.98–0.99) | 0.003 | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) | 0.355 |
| Malnutrition status | ||||
| No Malnutrition | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Mild & moderate | 0.97 (0.94–1.01) | 0.129 | 0.98 (0.95–1.02) | 0.298 |
| Severe | 0.75 (0.63–0.89) | 0.001 | 0.77 (0.69–0.94) | 0.012 |
| Retention in care | ||||
| Retained | 1.00 | < 0.001 | 1.00 | |
| Not Retained | 0.76 (0.71–0.81) | 0.83 (0.77–0.89) | < 0.001 | |
| Facility type | ||||
| Dispensary | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
| Health centre | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.365 | 1.00 (0.99–1.01) | 0.930 |
| Hospital | 1.01 (1.00-1.02) | 0.029 | 1.01 (0.99–1.01) | 0.060 |
| Facility ownership | ||||
| Private/FBO | 1.00 | |||
| Public | 0.99 (0.99–1.01) | 0.364 | ||
| Zone | ||||
| Central zone | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 0.415 | 1.00 (0.98–1.02) | 0.860 |
| Coastal zone | 0.98 (0.97–0.99) | 0.020 | 0.98 (0.96–0.99) | 0.033 |
| Lake zone | 1.03 (1.01–1.04) | 0.001 | 1.01 (0.99–1.03) | 0.227 |
| Northern zone | 1.00 (0.98–1.01) | 0.639 | 0.99 (0.98–1.02) | 0.815 |
| Southern highland | 0.99 (0.97-1.00) | 0.102 | 0.99 (0.97–1.01) | 0.437 |
| Western zone | 1.00 | 1.00 | ||
RR relative risk, CI confidence Interval, MMS multi months dispensing