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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Aug 25.
Published in final edited form as: Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2023 Apr 12;33(3):821–832. doi: 10.1007/s00787-023-02204-w

Table 1.

Descriptive statistics by stimulant treatment receipt

No stimulant tx (n = 66)
n (%)
Stimulant tx (n = 93)
n (%)
Group differences
t, p
Female 18 (27.27) 38 (40.86) 1.77, 0.08
Male 48 (72.73) 55 (59.14)
White 51 (77.27) 76 (81.72) 0.69, 0.49
Non-White 15 (22.73) 17 (18.28)
ADHD presentation
 Inattentive 56 (84.85) 62 (66.67) − 2.62, < .01
 Combined 10 (15.15) 31 (33.33)
Any internalizing diagnosis 21 (31.82) 31 (33.33) 0.20, 0.84
Any externalizing diagnosis 16 (24.24) 16 (17.2) − 1.09, 0.28
Current sleep medication 6 (9.09) 24 (25.81) 2.70,0 < .01
Current SSRI medication 4 (6.06) 13 (13.98) 1.59, 0.11
Current other depression/anxiety medication 0 (0) 3 (3.23) 1.47, 0.14
Current antipsychotic medication 0 (0) 3 (3.23) 1.47, 0.14
Current other medication 1 (1.52) 1 (1.08) − 24, 0.81
M (SD) M (SD) t, p
ADHD diagnosis age 8.50 (2.30) 7.89 (2.65) − 1.09, 0.28
ADHD medication initiation age 9.37 (2.06) 8.25 (2.64) − 1.94, 0.06
Family income 84,394 (32,951) 84,565 (38,026) 0.03, 0.98

Tx treatment. M mean. SD standard deviation. Note: statistically significant group differences are bolded