. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Aug 25.

Published in final edited form as: J Atten Disord. 2023 Feb 17;27(11):1207–1222. doi: 10.1177/10870547231154905

Table 5.

Logistic Regression Analyses Estimating Associations Between Predictors and Parent-Reported Activity Involvement (Y/N).

	School sports	Community sports	School art	Community art	Clubs	Religious groups	Volunteer work

	OR [95% CI]	OR [95% CI]	OR [95% CI]	OR [95% CI]	OR [95% CI]	OR [95% CI]	OR [95% CI]

Models using ADHD status
ADHD status	1.34 [0.80, 2.24]	1.37 [0.82, 2.29]	1.25 [0.71, 2.19]	2.21 [1.05, 4.64]	1.44 [0.71, 2.90]	1.05 [0.63, 1.77]	1.92 [1.02, 3.64]
SR CDS	1.89 [1.19, 2.99] ^a	1.45 [0.94, 2.26]	0.72 [0.46, 1.14]	0.78 [0.43, 1.42]	0.75 [0.42, 1.32]	0.84 [0.55, 1.29]	1.48 [0.85, 2.60]
Sex	0.89 [0.54, 1.48]	1.02 [0.62, 1.68]	0.91 [0.53, 1.55]	1.26 [0.62, 2.54]	1.35 [0.68, 2.67]	0.66 [0.40, 1.08]	1.06 [0.58, 1.93]
Income	0.84 [0.73, 0.97]	0.77 [0.67, 0.89] ^a	0.98 [0.85, 1.14]	0.89 [0.69, 1.06]	0.94 [0.78, 1.14]	0.98 [0.86, 1.13]	0.98 [0.83, 1.17]
Models using PR ADHD symptom dimensions
PR ADHD-IN	1.27 [0.86, 1.87]	1.27 [0.87, 1.85]	1.08 [0.71, 1.64]	1.22 [0.71, 2.23]	0.93 [0.56, 1.54]	1.23 [0.83, 1.81]	1.14 [0.71, 1.83]
PR ADHD-HI	1.32 [0.77, 2.29]	0.83 [0.49, 1.40]	1.14 [0.64, 2.03]	1.20 [0.54, 2.70]	0.89 [0.45, 1.75]	0.88 [0.52, 1.48]	1.91 [0.90, 4.08]
SR CDS	1.73 [1.08, 2.77]	1.44 [0.92, 2.26]	0.71 [0.45, 1.14]	0.82 [0.45, 1.52]	0.85 [0.47, 1.53]	0.79 [0.51, 1.23]	1.45 [0.81, 2.60]
Sex	0.99 [0.59, 1.64]	1.01 [0.61, 1.67]	0.92 [0.53, 1.56]	1.18 [0.58, 2.39]	1.16 [0.58, 2.31]	0.69 [0.42, 1.14]	1.08 [0.59, 1.99]
Income	0.86 [0.74, 0.99]	0.77 [0.67, 0.89] ^a	0.99 [0.85, 1.15]	0.84 [0.68, 1.05]	0.90 [0.74, 1.10]	0.99 [0.86, 1.14]	0.99 [0.83, 1.18]

Note. Logistic regression models predict odds of not participating in activity. For ADHD status, 0 = no ADHD, 1 =ADHD. For sex, 0 = male, 1 = female. For race, 0 = non-White, 1 = White. Bolded estimates reflect statistically significant models without p-value correction.

SR = self-report; CDS = cognitive disengagement syndrome; PR = parent-report; ADHD-IN = ADHD inattentive symptoms; ADHD-HI = ADHD hyperactive/impulsive symptoms.

Estimates that are significant with Bonferroni correction (p < .007). ADHD = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.