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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Aug 25.
Published in final edited form as: Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol. 2024 Jul 5;52(11):1649–1661. doi: 10.1007/s10802-024-01226-5

Table 4.

Regression Analyses Examining Demographic Characteristics, ADHD Symptom Dimensions, and CDS Symptoms in Relation to Food Insecurity in Early Adolescents

Food insecurity
(no control for family income)
Food insecurity
(including control for family income)


B SE β t B SE β t
PR Symptoms
Age −0.05 0.09 −0.04 −0.48 −0.00 0.09 −0.00 −0.04
Sex −0.22 0.15 −0.13 −1.45 −0.27 0.15 −0.15 −1.89
Race 0.26 0.16 0.15 1.68 0.09 0.15 0.05 0.58
Ethnicity −0.17 0.24 −0.06 −0.73 −0.21 0.22 −0.08 −0.98
Medication use −0.22 0.20 −0.11 −1.11 −0.24 0.18 −0.12 −1.30
ADHD-HI 0.16 0.09 0.23 1.83 0.12 0.08 0.18 1.48
ADHD-IN −0.15 0.09 −0.24 −1.64 −0.10 0.08 −0.17 −1.25
CDS 0.32 0.11 0.34 2.95** 0.16 0.10 0.17 1.60
Family income -- -- -- -- −0.19 0.04 −0.43 −5.26***
TR Symptoms
Age −0.03 0.11 −0.02 −0.26 0.01 0.10 0.01 0.07
Sex −0.28 0.18 −0.15 −1.59 −0.35 0.16 −0.19 −2.19*
Race 0.23 0.18 0.12 1.26 0.07 0.17 0.04 0.41
Ethnicity −0.17 0.28 −0.06 −0.60 −0.13 0.25 −0.04 −0.52
Medication use −0.28 0.23 −0.13 −1.25 −0.30 0.20 −0.14 −1.47
ADHD-HI 0.12 0.10 0.15 1.23 0.10 0.09 0.12 1.12
ADHD-IN −0.11 0.11 −0.17 −1.09 −0.15 0.10 −0.22 −1.57
CDS 0.34 0.13 0.36 2.69** 0.26 0.11 0.27 2.24*
Family income -- -- -- -- −0.21 0.04 −0.46 −5.38***
SR Symptoms
Age −0.08 0.09 −0.07 −0.85 −0.02 0.09 −0.02 −0.28
Sex −0.29 0.15 −0.16 −1.91 −0.31 0.14 −0.17 −2.21*
Race 0.22 0.16 0.12 1.39 0.08 0.15 0.05 0.55
Ethnicity −0.15 0.23 −0.05 −0.64 −0.21 0.21 −0.08 −0.99
Medication use −0.09 0.19 −0.05 −0.48 −0.13 0.17 −0.07 −0.78
ADHD-HI −0.00 0.02 −0.00 0.02 −0.00 0.02 −0.00 −0.03
ADHD-IN −0.04 0.02 −0.27 −1.87 −0.03 0.02 −0.21 −1.56
CDS 0.68 0.19 0.42 3.55*** 0.45 0.18 0.27 2.46*
Family income -- -- -- -- −0.19 0.04 −0.43 −5.42***

Note. For medication use, 0 = not currently taking any prescribed psychiatric medication, 1 = currently taking a prescribed psychiatric medication. For sex, 0 = female, 1 = male. For race, 0 = person of color, 1 = White. For ethnicity, 0 = non-Hispanic, 1 = Hispanic. ADHD = attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. HI = hyperactivity-impulsivity. IN = inattention. PR = parent-report. SR = self-report. TR = teacher-report.

p < .10.

*

p<.05.

**

p<.01.

***

p < .001.