Table 3.
Stratified analysis of incident atrial fibrillation risk among young adults with SLD
| Variables | Subgroups | Number of events | Follow-up duration (person-years) |
Incidence rate (per 1,000 p-y) |
Adjusted HR (95% CI) |
P for interaction |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age <30 years | Non-SLD | 5,069 | 22,737,650 | 0.22 | 1.00 (Reference) | 0.001 |
| MASLD | 1,520 | 3,814,040 | 0.40 | 1.05 (0.99– 1.12) | ||
| MetALD | 314 | 698,612 | 0.45 | 1.14 (1.02– 1.28) | ||
| ALD | 123 | 245,736 | 0.50 | 1.25 (1.04– 1.49) | ||
| Age ≥30 years | Non-SLD | 9,703 | 24,689,364 | 0.39 | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| MASLD | 7,494 | 11,218,878 | 0.67 | 1.10 (1.06– 1.14) | ||
| MetALD | 1,520 | 1,788,323 | 0.85 | 1.32 (1.25– 1.41) | ||
| ALD | 649 | 621,873 | 1.04 | 1.59 (1.47– 1.73) | ||
| Male | Non-SLD | 8,915 | 2,2450,770 | 0.40 | 1.00 (Reference) | 0.782 |
| MASLD | 8,391 | 13,630,884 | 0.62 | 1.09 (1.05– 1.13) | ||
| MetALD | 1,786 | 2,375,902 | 0.75 | 1.29 (1.22– 1.37) | ||
| ALD | 750 | 834,022 | 0.90 | 1.52 (1.40– 1.64) | ||
| Female | Non-SLD | 5,857 | 24,976,243 | 0.23 | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| MASLD | 623 | 1,402,034 | 0.44 | 1.10 (1.00– 1.20) | ||
| MetALD | 48 | 111,032 | 0.43 | 1.14 (0.85– 1.52) | ||
| ALD | 22 | 33,587 | 0.66 | 1.72 (1.13– 2.62) | ||
| BMI <25 kg/m2 | Non-SLD | 13,126 | 43,328,918 | 0.30 | 1.00 (Reference) | 0.033 |
| MASLD | 2,052 | 4,034,079 | 0.51 | 1.05 (1.00– 1.10) | ||
| MetALD | 474 | 785,150 | 0.60 | 1.20 (1.09– 1.32) | ||
| ALD | 217 | 263,440 | 0.82 | 1.65 (1.44– 1.88) | ||
| BMI ≥25 kg/m2 | Non-SLD | 1,646 | 4,098,096 | 0.40 | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| MASLD | 6,962 | 10,998,839 | 0.63 | 1.13 (1.07–1.20) | ||
| MetALD | 1,360 | 1,701,785 | 0.80 | 1.35 (1.26– 1.46) | ||
| ALD | 555 | 604,168 | 0.92 | 1.52 (1.38– 1.67) | ||
| Never-smoker | Non-SLD | 8,034 | 30,520,976 | 0.26 | 1.00 (Reference) | 0.267 |
| MASLD | 2,580 | 4,973,004 | 0.52 | 1.09 (1.03–1.15) | ||
| MetALD | 185 | 326,978 | 0.57 | 1.16 (1.00–1.35) | ||
| ALD | 95 | 121,004 | 0.79 | 1.53 (1.25– 1.88) | ||
| Ex-smoker | Non-SLD | 1,897 | 4,101,965 | 0.46 | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| MASLD | 1,594 | 2,202,697 | 0.72 | 1.06 (0.99– 1.13) | ||
| MetALD | 347 | 405,983 | 0.85 | 1.23 (1.10– 1.38) | ||
| ALD | 130 | 138,496 | 0.94 | 1.31 (1.10– 1.57) | ||
| Current smoker | Non-SLD | 4,841 | 12,804,072 | 0.38 | 1.00 (Reference) | |
| MASLD | 4,840 | 7,857,217 | 0.62 | 1.11 (1.06– 1.16) | ||
| MetALD | 1,302 | 1,753,973 | 0.74 | 1.33 (1.25– 1.42) | ||
| ALD | 547 | 608,109 | 0.90 | 1.59 (1.45– 1.74) |
* Adjusted by age, sex, low income status, smoking, regular exercise, total cholesterol, fasting blood glucose level, systolic blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and body mass index
ALD, alcohol-associated liver disease; BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; ; HR, hazard ratio; MASLD, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease; MetALD, metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-related liver disease; SLD, steatotic liver disease