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. 2025 Aug 25;24:1108. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03784-5

Table 1.

Demographic characteristics of participants and univariate analysis of IAP cognition (n = 1068)

Variables Number (%) Cognition scores (M(P25, P75)) Z/H P
Total 1068(100%) 9(6,14)
Sex Male 192(18%) 8(6,15.5) -0.977a 0.329
Female 876(82%) 9(6.25,14)
Age 18~ 73(6.8%) 9(6,14) 26.497b <0.001
24~ 406(38%) 8(5,14)
30~ 286(26.8%) 8(6,11)
36~ 209(19.6) 10(7,18)
> 41 94(8.8%) 11(8,19)
Hospital level Tertiary hospitals 980(91.8%) 9(6,16) -3.690a <0.001
Secondary hospitals 88(8.2%) 7(6,9)
Education level Associate 132(12.4%) 7(5,9) 29.652b <0.001
Bachelor 886(83%) 9(6,15)
Master and Doctor 50(4.7%) 9(8,13.25)
Marital status Single 330(35.5%) 8(6,14) -3.378a 0.001
Married or living with a partner 688(64.4%) 9(7,16)
Professional title Nurse 157(14.7%) 10(6,17) 29.682b <0.001
Senior nurse 384(36%) 8(6,11.75)
Nurse-in-charge 487(45.6%) 9(7,14)
Associate chief nurse 32(3%) 9(8,17.75)
Chief nurse 8(0.7%) 10(7,13)
Clinical working years 1 ~ 2 years 89(8.3%) 10(7,16) 18.426b <0.001
3 ~ 5 years 244(22.8%) 7(5,12)
6 ~ 8years 230(21.5%) 8(6,13)
> 8 years 505(47.3%) 9(7,16)
Specialist nurse Yes 506(47.4%) 9(7,17) -6.046a <0.001
No 562(52.6%) 8(6,12)
Trained about IAP Never 212(19.9%) 7(6,9) 39.387b <0.001
Occasionally or Sometimes 622(58.2%) 9(6,16)
Often or Always 234(21.9%) 9(7,18)

Note: a: Mann-Whitney U Test, b: Kruskal-Wallis Test. IAP: Intra-abdominal Pressure