Table 4.

Unadjusted and adjusted predictors of frequent exacerbations

Variable	Unadjusted OR (95% CI)	Adjusted OR (95% CI)*	p value	Fully Adjusted OR (95% CI)†	p value
CRP (per mg/L)	1.140 (1.076–1.208)	1.092 (1.025–1.163)	0.006	1.087 (1.019–1.159)	0.009
CAR (per 0.1 unit)	1.125 (1.032–1.153)	1.104 (1.038–1.174)	0.002	1.098 (1.031–1.169)	0.004
CPR (per 10 units)	1.032 (1.018–1.046)	1.025 (1.010–1.040)	0.001	1.022 (1.007–1.038)	0.005
Age (per year)	0.992 (0.975–1.009)	0.985 (0.967–1.003)	0.102	0.987 (0.968–1.006)	0.172
Male sex	1.012 (0.587–1.745)	1.208 (0.672–2.172)	0.527	1.194 (0.658–2.167)	0.559
Albumin (g/L)	0.942 (0.899–0.987)	0.958 (0.912–1.007)	0.089	0.962 (0.915–1.012)	0.132
Prealbumin (g/L)	0.851 (0.802–0.903)	0.912 (0.853–0.975)	0.008	0.918 (0.857–0.982)	0.013
Dyspnea	2.672 (1.518–4.704)	1.894 (1.032–3.476)	0.039	1.765 (0.948–3.287)	0.073
COPD comorbidity	3.214 (1.805–5.722)	2.215 (1.192–4.113)	0.012	2.037 (1.074–3.865)	0.029
Inhaled antibiotics	3.042 (1.689–5.480)	1.876 (0.981–3.587)	0.057	1.642 (0.837–3.221)	0.149
Oral antibiotics	2.582 (1.494–4.464)	–	–	1.425 (0.764–2.658)	0.265
Long-term macrolides	2.267 (1.186–4.333)	–	–	0.682 (0.452–1.028)	0.068
Bronchodilators	3.086 (1.767–5.389)	–	–	1.518 (0.780–2.954)	0.219
Mucoactive agents	2.518 (1.422–4.458)	–	–	1.346 (0.702–2.580)	0.371

*Adjusted for age, sex, albumin, prealbumin, dyspnea, COPD comorbidity, and inhaled antibiotics. †Fully adjusted model including all variables in this table (demographic, clinical, nutritional, and therapeutic interventions). OR odds ratio; CI confidence interval