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. 2025 Aug 25;25:649. doi: 10.1186/s12887-025-06017-5

Table 5.

Effects of various metabolic indicators in differentiating LOS caused by Gram-negative vs. Gram-positive bacteria

Index Gram-negative
(n = 71)
Gram-positive
(n = 107)
Univariate logistic Multivariate logistic
P OR (95%CI) P
PCT (ng/mL) 6.67 (1.38, 9.91) 4.29 (1.03, 9.64) < 0.001

0.878

(0.817, 0.944)

< 0.001
CRP (mg/L) 29.68 (8.13, 45.97) 22.85 (4.46, 42.59) 0.024 0.257
IL-6 (pg/mL) 42.68 (6.17, 64.78) 28.35 (5.47, 61.47) 0.001 0.415
IL-1β (pg/mL) 33.77 (14.51, 48.70) 27.71 (11.24, 42.86) 0.053
IL-12 (pg/mL) 52.34 (43.00, 69.65) 55.25 (52.69, 73.90) 0.500
Lac (mmol/L) 3.72 ± 1.18 4.03 ± 0.84 0.045 0.113
Mortality rate 10 (14.08%) 6 (5.61%) 0.054

PCT Procalcitonin, CRP C-reactive Protein, Lac Lactate