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. 2025 Aug 25;10:37. doi: 10.1186/s41256-025-00437-7

Table 2.

Changes in average monthly TB hospital caseload between 1st and 5th outbreaks of COVID-19

Average monthly hospital TB caseload Outbreak period
Overall period 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th
Mean (95% CI)
Observed (actual) 2677.2 (2537.8, 2816.6) 3012.7 (2320.6, 3704.8) 3123.5 (2516.4, 3730.6) 2800.0 (2609.9, 2990.2) 2422.1 (2131.3, 2712.9) 2376.0 (2230.7, 2521.3)
Counterfactual

3071.2

(2793.7, 3348.8)

3100.2

(2920.6, 3279.9)

3080.5

(2835.3, 3325.7)

3073.3

(2803.3, 3343.3)

3062.9 (2757.3, 3368.5)

3047.5

(2688.3, 3406.7)

Percent difference*

−12.83

(−9.16,

−15.89)

−2.83

(−20.55,

12.95)

1.40

(−11.25,

12.17)

−8.89

(−6.90,

−10.56)

−20.92

(−19.46,

−22.70)

−22.03

(−17.02,

−25.99)

*Percent difference, ((Observed – Counterfactual)/Counterfactual) × 100; TB, Tuberculosis; CI, Confidence interval; The bold values, Statistically significant