Skip to main content
. 2025 Aug 25;22:30. doi: 10.1186/s12014-025-09554-4

Table 1.

Demographics of the study groups

Urine set (n = 90) Tissue set (n = 30)
Training set (n = 38) Validation set (n = 52)
Pre-treatment (n = 13) Remission (n = 13) Relapse (n = 12) P HC (n = 13) Pre-treatment (n = 13) Remission (n = 13) Relapse (n = 13) P Tumor/adjacent normal pairs (n = 30)
Age 61.8 ± 10.8 63.6 ± 10.7 59.2 ± 9.9 P = 0.83 69.1 ± 4.5 69.1 ± 5.9 66.8 ± 9.1 65.0 ± 8.4 P = 0.64 65.3 ± 10.6
Gender
 Male 13 (100%) 13 (100%) 12 (100%) 10 (100%) 19 (100%) 8 (100%) 8 (100%) 30 (100%)
Smoking habit
 Nonsmoker 3 (23%) 3 (23%) 3 (25%) P = 1.00 3 (30%) 2 (22%) 2 (25%) 2 (25%) P = 0.99 5 (17%)
 Ever smoker 10 (77%) 10 (77%) 9 (75%) 7 (70%) 7 (78%) 6 (75%) 6 (75%) 25 (83%)
Clinical stage
 Limited stage 2 (15%) 2 (15%) 2 (17%) P = 1.00 2 (22%) 2 (25%) 1 (13%) P = 0.84 30 (100%)
 Extended stage 11 (85%) 11 (85%) 10 (83%) 7 (78%) 6 (75%) 7 (88%) 0 (0%)
ECOG
 0–1 10 (77%) 11 (85%) 9 (75%) P = 0.86 8 (89%) 7 (88%) 6 (75%) P = 0.74 30 (100%)
  ≥ 2 3 (23%) 2 (15%) 3 (25%) 1 (11%) 1 (13%) 2 (25%) 0 (0%)
NSE (μ/L) 41.48 (32.81 ~ 88.22) 10.67 (9.68 ~ 14.69) 24.20 (15.43 ~ 87.79) P = 0.0007 13.31 ± 3.8 33.45 (22.34 ~ 96.98) 10.23 (8.29 ~ 18.84) 18.29 (12.65 ~ 29.73) P = 0.0068 35.67 (24.82 ~ 83.45)