Table 1.
Characteristics of the patients
| Discontinuation of SGLT2is for ≥ 3 days prior to surgery |
p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| (+) (n = 627) | (−) (n = 542) | ||
| Age (years) | 69 [26–90] | 66 [27–97] | 0.251 |
| Male | 397 (63.3) | 337 (62.2) | 0.733 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.2 [13.1–39.2] | 23.8 [14.4–39.6] | 0.227 |
| SGLT2i type | |||
| Dapagliflozin | 182 (29.0) | 164 (30.3) | 0.514 |
| Empagliflozin | 171 (27.3) | 153 (28.2) | |
| Canagliflozin | 118 (18.8) | 90 (16.6) | |
| Ipragliflozin | 73 (11.6) | 73 (13.5) | |
| Tofogliflozin | 46 (7.3) | 41 (7.6) | |
| Luseogliflozin | 37 (5.9) | 21 (3.9) | |
| Other diabetes medications | |||
| None | 557 (88.8) | 482 (88.9) | 0.832 |
| OHA | 59 (9.4) | 51 (9.4) | |
| Insulin | 10 (1.6) | 9 (1.7) | |
| Insulin and OHA | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Baseline laboratory parameters | |||
| AST level (U/L) | 21 [8–74] | 21 [7–74] | 0.268 |
| ALT level (U/L) | 16 [3–74] | 16 [3–74] | 0.112 |
| Scr level (mg/dL) | 0.84 [0.28–6.88] | 0.82 [0.36–6.89] | 0.362 |
| BUN level (mg/dL) | 17 [5–91] | 18 [6–82] | 0.213 |
| Serum sodium level (mEq/L) | 140 [118–152] | 140 [120–151] | 0.624 |
| Serum potassium level (mEq/L) | 4.2 [3.0–6.0] | 4.2 [3.2–6.0] | 0.448 |
| Serum chloride level (mEq/L) | 106 [92–119] | 105 [89–118] | 0.156 |
| Arterial pH | 7.43 [7.34–7.83] | 7.44 [7.33–7.67] | 0.950 |
| Serum bicarbonate level (mEq/L) | 24.0 [17.0–31.8] | 24.3 [15.9–31.5] | 0.190 |
| Serum BHBA level (µmol/L) | 38 [15–178] | 35 [14–174] | 0.291 |
| Blood glucose level (mg/dL) | 122 [66–295] | 123 [63–292] | 0.434 |
| Preoperative medication | |||
| Insulin and glucose infusion | 342 (54.5) | 250 (46.1) | 0.005 |
Values are presented as median [range] or number (%). The data were analyzed using the Mann–Whitney U test or Fisher’s exact test. ALT, alanine transaminase; AST, aspartate transaminase; BHBA, β-hydroxybutyrate; BMI, body mass index; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; OHA, oral hypoglycemic agent; Scr, serum creatinine; SGLT2i, sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor