Table 3.
Descriptive data for inhibition (flanker task), cognitive flexibility (number-letter task), and working memory (n-back task).
| Neutral M (SD) | Happiness M (SD) | Hope M (SD) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Inhibitory performance (study 1) | Congruent trials | Accuracy (in %) | 98.65 (2.02) | 99.07 (1.44) | 99.97 (1.17) |
| Reaction time (in ms) | 381.72 (52.90) | 375.68 (40.23) | 379.86 (39.43) | ||
| Incongruent trials | Accuracy (in %) | 97.08 (2.71) | 97.46 (2.90) | 97.22 (3.37) | |
| Reaction time (in ms) | 409.98 (60.29) | 403.01 (44.22) | 407.70 (42.73) | ||
| Flanker effect | Reaction time (in ms) | 28.26 (16.37) | 27.33 (13.65) | 27.84 (17.93) | |
| Cognitive flexibility performance (study 1) | No switch trials (in ms) | 764.89 (160.77) | 786.25 (187.37) | 775.26 (157.19) | |
| Switch trials (in ms) | 1236.95 (410.93) | 1158.14 (321.74) | 1195.27 (321.18) | ||
| Switch costs (in ms) | 427.06 (274.99) | 371.89 (185.67) | 420.01 (227.42) | ||
| Excluded trials (in total) | 8.48 (4.94) | 8.96 (6.78) | 8.70 (5.11) | ||
| Working memory performance (study 2) | 2-back | Accuracy (in %) | 86.34 (14.09) | 83.54 (16.95) | 85.69 (13.33) |
| Reaction time (in ms) | 645.16 (170.38) | 637.71 (180.70) | 662.26 (179.39) | ||
| 3-back | Accuracy (in %) | 51.24 (26.40) | 55.80 (22.22) | 57.51 (19.79) | |
| Reaction time (in ms) | 821.33 (302.59) | 831.59 (275.98) | 773.24 (230.29) | ||
| 4-back | Accuracy (in %) | 42.59 (13.35) | 42.47 (20.64) | 45.56 (20.50) | |
| Reaction time (in ms) | 827.60 (320.03) | 823.61 (310.68) | 790.30 (317.29) |
Nstudy1 = 27; Nstudy2 = 30.