Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Aug 25.
Published in final edited form as: Sociol Sport J. 2021 Dec 16;39(4):401–411. doi: 10.1123/ssj.2021-0062

Table 4.

The OLS Regression of Activities With Father by Sports Participation for Boys and Girls: AddHealth

Bivariate Controls Multivariate
Mean activities Model 1 Model 2 Model 3
Boys no sports 2.17
Boys sports 2.56 0.382a,c (0.08) 0.314a,c,d (0.079)
Girls no sports 2.29 0.118d (0.077) 0.101b (0.076)
Girls sports 2.44 0.264a,c (0.078) 0.183a,b (0.078)
Hispanic 0.002 (0.08) 0.008 (0.08)
Black 0.018 (0.061) 0.012 (0.061)
Native 0.282 (0.148) 0.287 (0.148)
Asian −0.067 (0.12) −0.066 (0.12)
Other −0.343 (0.222) −0.344 (0.221)
Parental income 0.002 (0.001) 0.001 (0.001)
Parental education 0.068*** (0.009) 0.066*** (0.009)
Parental health 0.047 (0.025) 0.042 (0.025)
Blended −0.148* (0.068) −0.147* (0.068)
Single parent 0.1 (0.061) 0.101 (0.061)
Siblings −0.021 (0.02) −0.024 (0.02)
Constant 2.17*** (0.061) 1.21*** (0.141) 1.104*** (0.149)

Note. The SE values are in parentheses. N = 5,700. The authors note that most of the coefficients were significant p < .001. OLS = ordinary least square.

*

p < .05.

***

p < .001.

Comparison with boys no sports: ap < .05. Comparison with boys sports: bp < .05. Comparison with girls no sports: cp < .05. Comparison with girls sports: dp < .05.