Figure 3:

Significance funnel plot displaying studies’ point estimates versus their estimated standard errors. Orange points: affirmative studies (p < .05 and a positive point estimate). Grey points: nonaffirmative studies (p ≥ .05 or a negative point estimate). Diagonal grey line: the standard threshold of “statistical significance” for positive point estimates; studies lying on the line have exactly p = .05. Black diamond: main-analysis point estimate within all studies; grey diamond: worst-case point estimate within only the nonaffirmative studies. When the diamonds are close to one another, as they are here, it suggests that the meta-analysis is fairly robust to publication bias.