. 2025 Aug 22;15(36):29925–29936. doi: 10.1039/d5ra04599a

Table 1. Performance comparison of Co₃O₄@WO₃ with state-of-the-art Co-based OER catalysts.

Catalyst	η@10 mA cm⁻² (mV)	η@100 mA cm⁻² (mV)	Tafel slope (mV dec⁻¹)	Stability	Ref.
Co-MOF/NiO	280	380	67	50 h (5% loss)	34
Co₃O₄/rGO	290	350	72	20 h (8% loss)	35
ZIF-67@Co₃O₄	310	390	65	30 h (6% loss)	36
Co-PBA/CNT	320	410	78	40 h (7% loss)	37
Co₃O₄@WO₃	221	315	55.12	100 h (<2% loss)	This work

Table 1. Performance comparison of Co3O4@WO3 with state-of-the-art Co-based OER catalysts.