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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2026 Jun 6.
Published in final edited form as: Biol Psychiatry Cogn Neurosci Neuroimaging. 2025 Jun 6;10(12):1239–1248. doi: 10.1016/j.bpsc.2025.05.016

Figure 3.

Figure 3.

T-statistic maps for whole thalamus seed resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC) group differences and associations with positive symptom severity RS-only sample. A) Whole thalamus seed RSFC group differences between people with schizophrenia (PSZ; n = 82), and healthy controls (HC; n = 55), controlling for age, biological sex, and handedness. 6,547 significant grayordinates. Total N = 137. B) Whole thalamus seed RSFC associations with PANSS Positive subscale scores, controlling for age, biological sex, handedness, and schizophrenia diagnosis, as well and PANSS negative and general subscores. PANSS scores were available for 78 PSZ and 51 HC (total N = 129). 9 significant grayordinates. C) Whole thalamus seed connectivity extracted from the significant grayordinates visualized in B, with thalamic RSFC residualized to covariates, displaying the identified relationship between thalamic seed connectivity and positive symptom severity. Significance was assessed grayordinate-wise in whole cortex using cortical surface GIFTIs in Permutation Analysis of Linear Models in whole cortex, using 10,000 permutations and threshold-free cluster enhancement. P-values were corrected for family-wise error rate and t-statistic maps were thresholded at α = 0.05.